摘要
为摸清寒旱区乌梁素海浮游植物种群比例、时空分布、优势种属的变化规律和特征以及浮游植物群落结构与环境因子的相关关系,于2011年5—10月和2012年2月分别对乌梁素海10个监测点位进行了浮游植物镜检,共采集到浮游植物7门84属,并同步测试了各监测点水体环境因子,使用Excel软件和SPSS统计工具对采集数据进行了分析。研究结果表明,全湖优势属为蓝纤维藻(Dactylococcopsis)、微囊藻(Microcystis)、席藻(Phormidium)、楔形藻(Gomphosphaeria)、小环藻(Cyclotella)、针杆藻(Synedra)、桥穹藻(Cymbella)、衣藻(Chlamydomonas)、腔星藻(Coelastrum)、网球藻(Dictyosphaerium)、绿球藻(Chlorococcum)、栅列藻(Scenedesmus)、金藻(Chromulina);乌梁素海各采样点浮游植物丰度在25.83×104～21314×104L-1间变化,生物量在0.094～104.3 mg L-1间变化;浮游植物各种群丰度和生物量表现为春冬季低,夏秋季高;空间采样点丰度值和生物量由大到小顺序为Q8(采样点)和V3(出水口),N13(芦苇区)和S6(南部明水区),J11(进水口)和Q10(旅游区);通过浮游植物丰度与环境因子的相关分析,表明影响乌梁素海浮游植物群落结构的环境因子主要为总氮、水温、化学需氧量和透明度;绿藻的大量繁殖与乌梁素海较高的氮浓度密切相关,水体中pH值的大小将会间接影响绿藻的生长。研究结果为预测乌梁素海水质变化和警示"水华"暴发提供了依据。
To find out the community proportion, spatial and temporal distribution, variation characteristics of the dominant species and correlation between community structure and environment factors on phytoplankton in Wuliangsuhai Lake located in cold and arid regions, by environment factors and microscopic examination of the phytoplankton collected in ten monitoring sites of Wuliangsuhai Lake from May to October in 2011 and in February 2012 there are the phytoplankton with 7 phyla and 84 genera are collected. In the same time using Excel software and SPSS statistical tools the collected data were analyzed. The results showed that dominant genus in the whole lake include Dactylococcopsis, Microcystis, Phormidium, Gomphosphaeria, Cyclotella, Synedra, Cymbella, Chlamydomonas, Coelastrum, Dictyosphaerium, Chlorococcum, Scenedesmus and Chromulina. Variation range of phytoplankton individual density in every monitoring site is between 25.83 × 104 numbers per liter and 21314× 104 numbers per liter and biomass is between 0.094 mg per liter and 104.3 mg per liter. Individual density and biomass of phytoplankton in the seasonal changes are low in spring and winter and are high in summer and autumn. Individual density and biomass of phytoplankton in spatial distribution show that QS（sampling points）and V3（the water outlet）〉N13（reed zone）and S6 （southern water area）〉J11（the water inlet） and Q10（tourism area）. The correlation analysis on phytoplankton individual density and environmental factors show that environmental factors affecting phytoplankton community structure in Wuliangsuhai Lake mainly include the total nitrogen concentration, water temperature, chemical oxygen demand, and transparency. Green algae blooms are closely related to higher nitrogen concentration. The pH value in water will indirectly affect the growth of green algae. The purpose of this study is to provide a reference on forecast water quality changes and alert＂water bloom＂ outbreak in Wuliangsuhai Lake.
出处
《生态环境学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2012年第11期1865-1869,共5页
Ecology and Environmental Sciences
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(51069009)
内蒙古自治区科技创新引导奖励资金项目
国家科技支撑计划课题(2011BAC02B03)
内蒙古自然科学基金面上项目(2012MS0621)
内蒙古师范大学高层次人才科研启动经费资助项目(GCRC09014)
内蒙古师范大学科研基金项目(KYZR1117)
关键词
乌梁素海
浮游植物
群落结构
环境因子
Wuliangsuhai Lake
phytoplankton
community structure
environmental factor
