摘要
目的通过对北京5条地铁线路车厢内部噪声进行测量,并与噪声性聋的噪声暴露标准进行比较,对地铁车厢内的噪声防护措施进行分析和探讨。方法采用噪声分析系统对北京5条主要地铁线路(1号线、2号线、4号线+大兴线和5号线)的不同路段进行车厢内部噪声平均等效声级(Leq)、最大声压级(Lmax)、最小声压级(Lmin)、累计百分声压级(L10和L90)的测试以及未计权的最大声压级(Lpeak)的测量。结果在检测的北京地铁线路及其区间,车厢内的噪声Leq平均值都≥75dB A。1号线和2号线的Leq平均值相对较小,介于75～78dBA之间;而4号线+大兴线介于79～82dB A之间;5号线介于78～81dB A之间,均高于WHO关于噪声性聋的限值(每日24小时的平均噪声水平应在70dB A以下)。结论对于地铁内的工作人员和部分地铁乘车人(在地铁内用耳机长时间听音乐者),地铁的噪声污染有导致噪声性聋的潜在危险。避免在地铁内用耳机听音乐和使用防护性耳塞将有助于保护乘车人的听力健康。
Objective The purpose of this study was to characterize noise exposure of Beijing subway passengers. After comparing the results with the WHO noise guideline, the hearing protection managements will be discussed. Methods A total of 157 noise measurements were made using a HS6288B noise frequency analysis system on 5 major lines of subway during April of 2012 . We collected and analyzed the data of A--weighted average（dB A）, maximum（ Lmax）, minimum（Lmin）, percentage （L10 and L90） and unweighted peak （Lpeak） sound levels. Results Of the five lines of Beijing subway evaluated, the equivalent continuous average （Leq） levels inside the cars were at or over 75 dB A, above 70 A--weighted decibels, the threshold at which noise--induced hearing loss was considered possible according to WHO guideline. Conclusion The operation of subway appears to produce a noisy risk to the public, especially for some passengers and those who working at subway. The use of personal hearing protection devices, such as earplugs and earmuffs, and avoiding the personal listening devices should be suggested for subway passengers to attenuate the intensity of noise and protect hearing.
出处
《听力学及言语疾病杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2013年第1期45-48,共4页
Journal of Audiology and Speech Pathology
关键词
噪声
地铁
噪声性聋
听力防护
Noise
Subway
Noise--induced hearing loss
Hearing protection
