摘要
1997年在田间研究了转Bt基因棉品系R93-4在一熟种植方式下对棉田主要害虫及其天敌种群的影响。结果表明,转基因棉对棉铃虫(Helicoverpa armigera)和棉造桥虫(Anomis flava)有良好的抗性,发生高峰期百株幼虫数量均显著低于对照品种中12,但转基因棉田仍需防治第3和第4代棉铃虫。和常规棉相比,转基因棉自然控制田和综合防治田的棉苗蚜(Aphis gossypii)分别增加25.5％和减少84.3％,红蜘蛛(Tetranychus urticae)分别增加44.2％和减少94.0％,棉蓟马(Thrips tabaci)分别减少20.8％和60.0％,白粉虱(Trialeurodes vaporariorum)分别增加29.7％和23.1％,棉叶蝉(Empoasca biguttula)分别增加118.8％和减少42.5％,七星瓢虫分别减少14.0％和30.2％,龟纹瓢虫(Propylaea japonica)分别减少8.5％和增加75.7％,草间小黑蛛(Erigonidium graminicola)分别增加15.9％和11.8％,草蛉(Chrysopa sp.)分别增加14.0％和139.5％,小花蝽(Orius minuts)分别减少1.6％和55.1％。可见,转基因棉田刺吸性害虫发生数量加重,捕食性天敌数量减少不明显,但寄生性天敌数量明显减少。转基因棉田采取综合防治后,能较好地保护和增殖自然天敌,有效地控制非目标害虫的为害。
The effects of Bt transgenic cotton R93-4 under single cropping condition, on population dynamics of the main pests and their natural enemies were studied systematically in field in 1997. The results showed that Bt cotton was highly resistant to cotton bollworm Halicouerpa armigera (Hubner) and cotton semi-looper Anomis flava (Fabricius), their larval populations in peak occurrence period were significantly lower than those on the check, the original (non Bt transgenic) cotton variety, but it still has need to adopt additional chemical control against cotton bollworm in its 3rd and 4th generations. As in comparison with the check, the populations of cotton aphid Aphis gossipii, carmine spider mite Tetranychus cinnabarinus , cotton seedling thrips Thrips tabaci, greenhouse whitefly Trialeurodes vaporariorum, cotton leafhopper Amrasca bigutida, ladybugs Coccinella septempunctata and Propylaea japonica, spider Erigonidium graminicola, lacewing Ckrysopa sp. and minute anthocorid Orius nunutus were + 25.5%, +44.2%, -20.8%, +29.7%, + 118.8%, -14.0%, -8.5%, +15.9%, + 14.0% and -1.6%, respectively in natural controlR93-4 field,and - 84.3% , -94.0%, -60.0%, +23.1%, -42.5%, -30.2%, +75.7%, + 11.8%, + 139.5%and - 55.1 % , respectively in integrated management R93-4 field. Thus it can be seen that generally in Bt transgenic cotton field, the population and damage of sucking insects had changed to heavier, the specific parasitoids decreased obviously, but the change of predators number was negligible. After the IPM strategies had been implemented in Bt transgenic cotton field, the non-target pests were controlled effectively, owing to the preservation and propagation of natural enemies.
出处
《植物保护学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2000年第2期141-145,共5页
Journal of Plant Protection
基金
"九五"科技攻关项目资助(96-005-01-04-5)
