摘要
目的了解ICU患者下呼吸道感染病原菌的分布及其耐药性,为临床合理用药提供参考。方法采用VITEK-32全自动细菌鉴定仪进行菌种鉴定,纸片扩散法测定细菌药物敏感性,使用WHONET 5.4软件进行统计学分析。结果 ICU患者下呼吸道感染病原菌中,革兰阴性菌364株占74.9%,前3位依次为铜绿假单胞菌126株占25.9%、肺炎克雷伯菌101株占20.8%、鲍氏不动杆菌52株占10.7%;革兰阳性菌84株占17.3%,前3位依次为金黄色葡萄球菌30株占6.2%、肠球菌属21株占4.3%和溶血葡萄球菌14株占2.9%;亚胺培南和头孢哌酮/舒巴坦对革兰阴性杆菌最敏感,替考拉宁和万古霉素对革兰阳性菌高度敏感。结论 ICU患者下呼吸道感染病原菌以革兰阴性杆菌为主,临床应合理使用抗菌药物,降低病原菌的耐药率。
OBJECTIVE To investigate the distribution and drug resistance of pathogens causing lower respiratory tract infections in the ICU patients so as to provide evidence for the clinical reasonable use of antibiotics. METHODS The pathogenic bacteria were identified by VITEK32 system and the antibiotics susceptibility testing was performed by disc diffusion method ,the statistical analysis was performed by WHONET 5.4. RESULTS Of the isolated pathogens causing lower respiratory tract infections in the ICU patients, there were 364 （74.9%） strains of gram-negative bacteria and 84 （17. 3%） strains of gram-positive bacteria; 126 （25. 9%）strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, 101 （20.8 % ） strains of Klebsiella pneumoniae, and 52 strains （10.7 % ） of Acinetobact- erbaumannii were the top 3 gram-negative bacteria; 30 （6. 2%） strains of Staphylococcus aureus, 21 （4. 3%） strains of Enterococcus, and 14 （2. 9%） strains of S. haemolyticus were the top 3 gram-positive bacteria; the gram-negative bacilli were most susceptible to imipenem and cefoperazone/sulbactam, and the gram-positive bacteria were highly susceptible to teicoplanin and vancomycin. CONCLUSION The gram-negative bacilli are the major pathogens causing lower respiratory tract infections in the ICU patients,thus it is necessary for the hospital to use antibiotics reasonably so as to reduce the drug resistance rate.
出处
《中华医院感染学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2013年第1期216-218,共3页
Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology
关键词
重症监护病房
下呼吸道感染
病原菌
分布
耐药性
Intensive care unit
Lower respiratory tract infection
Pathogen
Distribution
Drug resistance
