摘要
目的探讨颈肩峰区跨区供血轴型皮瓣的解剖学基础及临床应用可行性。方法在北京协和医学院基础研究所解剖形态实验室提供的5具（10侧）新鲜成人尸体及10具（20侧）防腐成人标本上，应用医用红色乳胶灌注动脉，蓝色乳胶灌注静脉，在直视或手术显微镜下，解剖颈肩峰区动静脉、皮动脉以及真皮下血管网、深筋膜浅层血管网，对前界为锁骨、后界为肩胛冈、外侧界为肩峰、内侧为颈根部的颈肩峰区主要血供进行巨微解剖学观察。结果①皮动脉穿出点集中在斜方肌前缘及其延伸线的区域，宽度约4cm的范围；②斜方肌前缘及其延伸线为轴心的中间部位，吻合支最为丰富，血管吻合多为网状，其次是肩胛冈 上区。在众多的吻合支中可观察到每侧颈肩峰区均有2—3支明显的贯穿颈根至肩峰全长的吻合支，多位于中轴位置及后侧，在深筋膜浅层至真皮下血管网之间有丰富的交通支相连。结论颈肩峰区皮动脉穿出点位置恒定，深筋膜浅层血管吻合支丰富，可形成颈肩峰区跨区供血轴型皮瓣。
Objective To investigate the applied anatomy of the blood supply of the cervico- acromial crossing flap and its feasibility in clinical application. Methods 5 fresh adult and 10 forman fixed adult cadaver specimens were used. The arteries, veins, cutaneous arteries, subdermal vascular network, and vascular network of the superficial layer of deep fascia in the cervico-acromial area were observed and studied under the microscope. The frontier border of the cervico-acromial area is clavicle, the posterior border is the spine of scapula, the outer border is acromion and the inner border is cervical base. Results The perforator branches concentrate at the front edge of trapezius muscle ; The vessel network around the front edge of trapezius muscle is abundant. Among the anastomosis, two or three anastomosis which across the area from the base of the neck to acromion can be observed in the axial of every cervico-acromial area. Abundant vessel network can be observed in the superficial layer of deep fascia. Conclusions The boold supply of the cervico-acromial flap is abundant, which constains constant perforator point. The cervico-aeromial crossing skin flap can be applied with the rich blood supply and abundant vessel network in the superficial layer of deep fascia.
出处
《中华整形外科杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2012年第6期454-457,共4页
Chinese Journal of Plastic Surgery
关键词
颈
肩峰
轴型皮瓣
解剖学
局部
Neck
Acromion
Axial pattern skin flap
Anatomy, regional
