摘要
采用完全随机裂区设计,研究不同水氮处理对田间冬小麦耗水特性和水分利用的影响。结果表明:冬小麦成熟期0-200cm土壤剖面水分含量均以0-20cm土层最低,在60-120cm土层内出现峰值,且随着灌水量的增加,各施氮处理的峰值逐渐增加;随灌水量的增加,耗水量增加,降水和土壤供水量占耗水量的比例降低;随施氮量的增加,降雨量和灌水量占耗水量的比例降低,土壤供水占耗水量的比例增加;生育阶段耗水量和耗水模系数均表现为开花-成熟期>播种-拔节期>拔节-开花期;随着灌水量增加,冬小麦水分利用效率、降水利用效率和土壤水利用效率逐渐增加,灌溉水利用效率降低;随着施氮量的增加,水分利用率、降水利用效率、土壤水利用效率和灌水生产效率呈先增加后降低变化,且均在施氮处理N150、N210和N270间无显著差异(P<0.05)。
This field experiment was performed by using split-plot design to investigate the effects of different nitrogen and irrigation interaction on water consumption characteristics and utilization in winter wheat.In this study,four irrigation levels（0 m3/hm2（W0）,900 m3/hm2（W900）,1 200 m3/hm2（W1200）,1 500 m3/hm2（W1500）） in main plots and five nitrogen levels（0 kg/hm2（N0）,90 kg/hm2（N90）,150 kg/hm2（N150）,210 kg/hm2（N210）,270 kg/hm2（N270）） in sub-plots were used.The results showed that： At the maturity of winter wheat,the lowest soil moisture content was observed in 0-20 cm layer during the 0-200 cm soil profile;the peak values of soil moisture content appeared between the layer of 60 cm and 120 cm,and increased with the increase of irrigation rate.Water consumption amounts（WCA） increased,and the proportion of the precipitation and soil water supply in WCA decreased with increasing irrigation rate.The percentage of rainfall and irrigation in WCA and soil water supply proportion in WCA increased with the increasing nitrogen application.Water consumption rate and water consumption percentage during the productive stage of winter wheat showed that the maximum from flowering to maturity.Water use efficiency,precipitation use efficiency and soil water use efficiency increased,but the irrigation water use efficiency decreased with the increase of irrigation rate.Meanwhile,water use efficiency,precipitation use efficiency,soil water use efficiency increased and irrigation water use efficiency first increased and then decreased as nitrogen application increased,and there were no significant differences among the treatment N150,N210 and N270.
出处
《水土保持学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2012年第6期291-296,共6页
Journal of Soil and Water Conservation
基金
国家"十一五"科技计划支撑项目(2008BADA4B07-1)
山西农业大学科技创新基金项目(201229)
关键词
灌水量
施氮量
冬小麦
耗水特性
水分利用效率
irrigation rate
nitrogen rate
winter wheat
water consumption characteristics
water use efficiency
