摘要
产业结构升级对劳动力就业有正反两方面的影响。以工业化和重工业化为特征的产业结构升级,既会因为提高资本劳动比而对劳动力就业产生挤出效应,又会因为提高劳动生产率而扩大经济规模从而吸纳更多的劳动力就业。本文通过将产业结构升级分解为结构变迁和效率提升两个部分,构建了一个综合考虑产业结构升级的正、反两方面的就业效应测算模型,在此基础上对1997～2002年、2002～2007年我国产业结构升级的就业效应进行了测算,并得出结论:产业结构升级的总就业效应为负;但工业化和重工业化并没有加重就业挤出;结构变迁的就业效应有所提高,效率提升的就业效应有所降低。
There＇ re both positive and negative relationships between the upgrading of industrial structure. The structural upgrading, which is characterized by the increasing proportion of industry and heavy manufacturing will decrease the employment amount by increasing the ratio between capital and labor, and will increase the employment amount by increasing labor productivity, which can increase the growth rate of economy. By dividing the industrial structure upgrading into two parts the process of industrial structure changes between different industries and process of efficiency e, nhancement within each industry, this article employed a model which has taken both the positive and negative effect of the industrial structural upgrading into consideration. Based on the model, this essay will measure the quantity effect of industrial structure and 2002 - 2007. From which, we upgrading. This measure is differentiated by the year 1997 -2002 can draw the following conclusion： the total effect of the industrial structure upgrading is negative, but industrializing and heavy manufacturing didn＇t make it worse. Also, the employment effect of industrial structure changes between different industries has increased, and the employment effect of the efficiency enhancement within each industry has decreased
出处
《上海经济研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2012年第12期3-13,53,共12页
Shanghai Journal of Economics
基金
中国人民大学研究生科研基金项目"中国城市化进程中城市收入分配差距问题研究"(12XNH072)的资助
关键词
产业结构升级
就业破坏效应
就业创造效应
结构变迁
效率提升
industriaX structure upgrading
structure change
efficiency improvement
employmentcreate effect
employment damage effect
