摘要
为了保障大型船舶靠泊操纵工作更加安全、高效,本文介绍了船舶靠泊仪及其发展,分析了大型船舶靠泊过程,研究了DGPS组合定位技术,建立以DGPS组合定位技术的大型船舶靠泊数学模型。在此模型基础之上,建立了船基平面坐标系,并通过此坐标系计算船舶靠泊时船首、船尾相对码头的距离与速度,船首向与船舶转向率等船舶动态参数。最后,采用DGPS定位组合技术、AIS技术和WIFI技术等设计大型船舶靠泊系统(包括硬件和软件),并通过实例验证此靠泊仪的可行性和有效性。实例证明:大型船舶靠泊仪为引航员靠泊操纵时提供高精度的船位信息,船舶移动速度和船舶与码头岸线距离等辅助信息,船舶位置精度可达60cm,速度精度可达5m/s,有效地提高了大型船舶靠泊安全性和工作效率,为引航员的船舶靠泊工作提供了更加直观、方便、快捷的航行靠泊导航过程。
Along with world shipping economy continues to push forward and the progress and develop- ment of science and technology, the number and size of large vessels are enlarging continually. The largest vessel in the world has reached five or six hundred thousand dwt, especially very large oil tankers, bulk carriers and large container vessels. The safe berthing becomes a pressing concern of the pilot and the cap-tain. The workload of harbor is heavier and heavier. However, there is no advanced system assisting pi-lots to guide large vessels to enter and leave port safely. As a result of that, the pilots are faced with a lot of pressure. In order to improve the security and efficiency of the berthing process of large vessels, lighten the heavy burden of the pilots and decrease the possibility of the accident during the process of pilotage, this paper introduced the berthing system＇s history and development, analyzed large ships＇ berthing process, researched the technologies of the DGPS combination positioning, WIFI and AIS, built up the ship-based plane coordinate system, shaped the large vessels＇ berthing mathematical model based on the technology of DGPS, provided the means of calculating the dynamic and static parameters and then gave the structure of the whole system. In this ship-based plane coordinate system the model can accurately cal-culate the berthing ship＇s dynamic parameters, such as the exact position of the vessel, the distance be-tween the vessel and the pier, the relative velocity between the bow and the pier, etc. With the help of the combination technologies of AIS, WIFI and two-point positioning technology DGPS, the large vessels＇ berthing system which has passed the test of reliability and availability is finally designed. In the test, it can be shown that this system could provide high-precision information such as the latitude and longitude, movement speed, the distance to the wharf line and other auxiliary information which the pilot need in the progress of pilotage. The accuracy of the position can be within 60 cm, and the speed accuracy can be within 5 m/s, which provides more intuitive, convenient, and fast sailing navigation for the pilot and then effectively improves the security and efficiency of large vessel＇s berthing progress.
出处
《地球信息科学学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2012年第6期788-793,共6页
Journal of Geo-information Science
基金
福建省高校产学合作科技重大项目"基于3G和AIS的船舶引航系统"(2012H6015)
关键词
DGPS
组合定位
大型船舶
辅助靠泊
DGPS
combination positioning
large vessels
assisted berthing
