摘要
目的:分析我院胸外科呼吸机相关性肺炎(VAP)的病原菌种类,寻找其感染路径,探讨预防和减少呼吸机相关性肺炎的有效护理措施。方法:回顾分析98例机械通气患者的呼吸道分泌物细菌谱情况,再依据临床特征分析感染路径。结果:VAP平均发病时间为机械通气后4.2 d,共分离出病原菌268株,其中,革兰阴性菌194株(占72.37%),革兰阳性菌59株(占22%),真菌15株(占5.63%)。结论:呼吸机相关性肺炎的主要病原菌为革兰阴性杆菌,胃肠道定植菌逆行、口咽部的分泌物吸入是导致机械患者下呼吸道感染的主要原因。加强口腔护理、及时引流气囊周围滞留物、避免滞留物渗漏,避免胃肠道定植菌逆行吸入,加强呼吸设备的消毒是防治VAP的关键。
Objective： To analyze the species of pathogenic bacteria of ventilator-associated Pneumonia in department of thoracic surgery and to explore its infections path, so as to investigate the prevention measures and nursing interventions oft＇educing ventilator-asso-ciated Pneumonia. Methods： The clinical data of 98 cases patients with mechanical ventilation respiratory secretions bacteria spectrum were retrospectively analyzed. The infection path were analyzed on the base of clinical characteristics. Results： Average onset time of VAP is for 4.2 d after mechanical ventilation. A total of 268 strain of pathogens were separated, including 194 Gram-negative bacilli （72.37%）, 59 Gram-positive bacilli （22%）, 15 Fungi （5.63%）. Conclusion： The major pathogens of ventilator-associated pneumonia are Gram-negative bacilli. The major causes of lower respiratory tract infection on mechanicalpatients are Gastrointestinal engraftment bacteria retrograding and oropharyngeal secretions inhaling. The key to prevent and control VAP is to enhance the disinfection of the breathing apparatus and oral care, to clean air stranded things around promptly, and to avoid retentate leakage and Gastrointestinal engraftment bacteria retrogradation.
出处
《现代生物医学进展》
CAS
2012年第32期6356-6358,6355,共4页
Progress in Modern Biomedicine
