摘要
目的明确老年人肾脏损害特点。方法1088例老年健康体检者常规体检并检测尿常规、尿白蛋白／肌酐比值（ACR）、血肌酐、血尿素，用CKD-EPI公式估算肾小球滤过率（eGFR），B超检查肾脏结构。结果（1）高血压病、高血脂、糖尿病患病率分别为61．5％、62．1％、11．6％；（2）尿常规检查异常率为19．0％，其中蛋白尿2．6％、血尿14．1％、白细胞尿5．4％，有慢性疾病者较无慢性疾病者尿检异常率高（P〈O．01）；随机尿ACR检测白蛋白尿的检出率为25．1％，高于尿常规的蛋白尿检出率（P〈0．01）；（3）B超显示老年肾脏改变占6．8％，肾囊肿改变最多占21．8％；（4）70．7％的研究对象eGFR≥60ml·min-1·1．73m-2，有慢性疾病者eGFR〈60ml·min-1·1．73m-2的比例高于无慢性疾病者（P-〈0．01），且随年龄增加eGFR下降，年龄每增加10岁，eGFR下降中位数为7ml·min-1·1．73m-2。结论老年人的肾脏损害无论结构或功能都有其特殊性，了解老年人肾脏损害特点，有助于准确诊治老年肾脏疾病。
Objective To analyse the kidney damage situation of the elderly health examination people, and identify its characteristic. Methods A cross-sectional study was held which enrolled 1088 elderly health examination people. Urine routine, random urine albumin/creatinine ratio （ACR）, serum creatinine, urea nitrogen were detected by biochemical analyzer, and estimated glomerular filtration rate （GFR） with CKD-EPI formula. Kidney structure change was examined by Color doppler ultrasound detector. Results The prevalence of hypertension, hyperlipemia, diabetes mellitus was 61.5%, 62.1%, 11.6%, respectively. The abnormal detection rate of urine routine was 19.0%, including 2.6% proteinuria, 14.1 % hematuresis and 5.4% leucocyturia. The abnormal detection rate in the people with was higher than those without （P〈0.01）. However, the albuminuria detection rate with random urine ACR was 25.1%, obviously higher than that of urine routine （P〈0.01）. The ultrasound results showed that 6.8% of the total were examined with elderly characteristic kidney change, the proportion of renal cyst was the highest, accounted for 21.8%. 70.7% of all people were in the level of eGFR more than 60 ml · min-1 · 1.73m-2. The level ofeGFR〈60ml · min-1 · 1.73m-2 in the people with was higher than those without （P〈0.01）. eGFR was declined with age. When age increased every 10 years, eGFR was decreased 7ml · min-1 · 1.73m-2. Conclusions No matter in structure or function, the elderly people＇s kidney damage has its characteristic. We should make it clear to correctly diagnose and cure elderly kidney disease.
出处
《中华老年医学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2012年第12期1124-1126,共3页
Chinese Journal of Geriatrics
基金
首都医学发展科研基金（2007-1041）
关键词
肾功能不全
慢性
健康调查
Renal insufficiency, chronic
Health surveys
