摘要
目的系统评价舒芬太尼与芬太尼用于患者术后硬膜外自控镇痛的镇痛效果和不良反应,为临床合理用药提供依据。方法计算机检索Cochrane图书馆、Cochrane协作网麻醉组专业协作组数据库、MEDLINE、EMbase、CBM、CNKI、VIP和WanFang Data等,手工检索图书馆馆藏期刊,检索时限截至2012年。收集舒芬太尼与芬太尼用于术后硬膜外自控镇痛的随机对照试验(RCT),而后按照Cochrane系统评价方法筛选文献、提取资料和评价纳入研究的方法学质量后,采用RevMan 5.1软件进行Meta分析。结果共纳入25个RCT,1 944例患者。Meta分析结果显示:①疼痛视觉模拟评分(VAS):与芬太尼组相比,舒芬太尼组术后各时点VAS均降低。②镇静评分:采用0～3分评分法时,舒芬太尼组术后12 h、24 h评分均低于芬太尼组,其他时点两组无明显差异。③药物用量:与芬太尼组相比,舒芬太尼组术后24 h、48 h药物用量减少。④不良反应:两组患者皮肤瘙痒和肢体麻木、运动障碍等发生率无明显差异,但舒芬太尼组术后恶心、呕吐和头晕嗜睡发生率较芬太尼组明显降低。⑤镇痛不足需追加其他镇痛药物:与芬太尼组相比,舒芬太尼组在镇痛期间需追加其他镇痛药物的发生率更低。结论与芬太尼相比,舒芬太尼用于术后PCEA时镇痛镇静效果更好,药物用量更少,患者术后不良反应发生率更低,临床应用更安全。
Objective To systematically evaluate fentanyl for postoperative patient-controlled epidural analgesia （PCEA）, so as to provide evidence for rational drug use in clinic. Methods Databases including The Cochrane Library, the special trials registered in the Cochrane anesthesia group, MEDLINE, EMbase, CBM, CNKI, VIP and WanFang Data were searched by the end of 2012, and the relevant periodicals were also manually searched to collect the randomized controlled trials （RCTs） on sufentanil versus fentanyl for postoperative patient-controlled epidural analgesia. According to the Cochrane Handbook 5.0, literature was screened, data were extracted, and quality of the included studies was critically assessed. Then meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.1 software. Results A total of 25 RCTs involving 1 944 patients were included. The results of meta-analyses showed that： a） as for visual analog scale （VAS）, compared with the fentanyl group, the postoperative VAS at 2-hour, 4-hour, 8-hour, 12-hour, 24-hour and 48-hour was decreased in the sufentanil group; b） as for sedation scale, the fentanyl group, the postoperative sedation at 12-hour and 24-hour was lower in the sufentanil group when adopting 0 to 3 points scoring method, but there were no significant differences at other time points; c） as for drug dosage, compared with the fentanyl group, the postoperative drug consumption at 24-hour and 48-hour was less in the sufentanil group; d） as for adverse reaction, the incidence of postoperative nausea, vomiting, dizziness and somnolence in the sufentanil group was lower than those in the fentanyl group. But there was no significant difference in other adverse reactions such as skin itching, limbs numbness and motor disturbance between the two groups; and e） as for the demands of additional analgesic drugs, compared with the fentanyl group, the incidence of demanding additional analgesic drugs was lower in the sufentanil group. Condusion Compared with fentanyl, sufentanil has better effects of analgesia and sedation for PCEA; Its dosage and incidence of adverse reactions are lower, so sufentanil is safer in clinic.
出处
《中国循证医学杂志》
CSCD
2012年第12期1489-1496,共8页
Chinese Journal of Evidence-based Medicine
基金
广东省自然科学基金(编号:9151001002000024)
关键词
舒芬太尼
芬太尼
硬膜外自控镇痛
系统评价
META分析
随机对照试验
Sufentanil
Fentanyl
Patient-controlled epidural analgesia
Systematic review
Meta-analysis
Rand-omized controlled trial
