摘要
从塔里木油田污染土壤中筛选到一类兼具烃降解及产生表面活性剂能力的耐高温菌株。经形态学观察、生理生化特性测试及16S rDNA序列分析,鉴定为马红球菌Rhodococcus equi,命名为BIT-BS001.该菌株最适生长条件为:温度40℃,pH 7.0,矿化度2.0%;能够在55℃以原油或固体石蜡为碳源进行生长,培养50 h后对原油降解率达到62.0%,对固体石蜡降解率达37.3%.利用气相色谱对降解前后原油的全烃组分进行分析,作用后原油组成发生了变化,原油的物理化学性质得到明显改善;对所产生的表面活性剂进行初步分析,鉴定为鼠李糖脂类化合物,其可将发酵液的表面张力由初始的61.0 mN/m降到30.1 mN/m;经室内驱油模型评价,该菌株发酵液驱油效率为74%.综合分析表明,菌株BIT-BS001在微生物强化采油及环境生物修复中均具有良好的应用前景。
A hydrocarbon-degrading and biosurfactant-producing bacterium was screened out from contaminated soil in Tarim oilfield. The bacterial strain named BIT-BS001 was identified as Rhodococcus equi. by the morphology, physiology-biochemistry experiments and 16S rDNA sequence analysis. The optimal temperature, pH and salinity values for its growth were 40℃, 7.0 and 2%, respectively. Also, BIT- BS001 was able to germinate at 55℃ utilizing the crude oil or paraffin as the sole carbon source, and by which the degradation rate of crude oil could reach to 62% and paraffin to 37% in 50 h. Analysis of crude oil degradation by GC suggested that the crude oil composition and physiochemical property were changed and improved. The biosurfactant produced by BIT-BS001 was primarily identified as rhamnolipid based on IR and HPLC analyses, by which the surface tension could be decreased from 61.0 to 30.1 mN/m in fermented liquid medium, with the efficiency of oil displacement of 74% based on the physical model experiments. The composition analyses indicate that the BIT- BS001 bacterial strain has a good application prospecting in both microbial enhanced oil recovery （MEOR） and polluted environment biore- mediation.
出处
《新疆石油地质》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2012年第6期715-719,共5页
Xinjiang Petroleum Geology
基金
大连百奥泰科技有限公司大连化学物理研究所
大连理工大学生命科学学院的大力支持和帮助
