摘要
2009～2010年度在我国油菜主产区采用多点田间试验研究了施用控释尿素(Controlled release urea,CRU)对油菜籽产量、氮肥利用率及土壤无机氮含量的影响,以期为CRU在油菜上的施用提供理论依据。结果表明,CRU一次性基施可以保证后期氮素供应,明显促进油菜的生长发育,与普通尿素一次性基施处理(UB)相比,油菜叶片的SPAD值、株高及花期绿叶数明显增加。油菜籽产量增加了7.1%～19.7%,影响产量的构成因素主要有总角果数、分支数和第一节位高。油菜的氮素积累量增加16.9%～27.3%,氮肥利用率提高12.2～17.7个百分点,试验后耕层土壤(0—30 cm)的硝态氮含量升高了149.3%～296.1%,无机氮含量升高了40.5%～145.9%。CRU处理与尿素分次施用处理(UD)相比,生长指标、油菜籽产量和干物质量均没有明显差异,氮积累量和氮肥利用率有增加趋势。可见,CRU一次性基施可以达到普通尿素分期施用的效果。
Four field trials were conducted to yield, nitrogen recovery efficiency of China in the 2009- 2010 rapeseed application in rapeseed fields. The rapeseed study the effects of the controlled release urea （CRU） application on and soil inorganic nitrogen concentration in the main rapeseed zone of growth period. The special purpose was to provide evidence for the CRU results show that the application of CRU promotes the growth of rapeseed significantly and enhances the nitrogen supply in the whole period. Compared to the treatment with total N as base fertilizer （ UB ）, the SPAD value, plant height and green leaf number of individual plant are increased significantly under the fertilization. The application of CRU increases the yield of rapeseed by 7. 1%-19.7% , and the factorsfor the increase are branch number, pod number and high position of first nodes. The nitrogen accumulation amount and nutrient recovery efficiency are increased by 16. 9%-27.3% and 12. 2-17.7 percentage points compared to the UB treatment, and the NO3--N concentration, total inorganic nitrogen （Nmin） in tillage layer soils are increased by 149.3%-296. 1% and 40. 5%-145.9%. There are no significant differences in the growth indexes, yield and dry matter amount between the CRU treatment and the treatments of total N split application （ UD）, while the N accumulation and N recovery efficiency have increasing trends. Therefore, the effect of the total N split application on rapeseed could be achieved by CRU.
出处
《植物营养与肥料学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2012年第6期1449-1456,共8页
Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizers
基金
"十一五"国家科技支撑计划重点项目(2010BAD01B05)
现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金资助(CARS-13)
国际植物营养研究所合作项目(HUB-39)资助
关键词
控释尿素
产量
氮肥利用率
无机氮
controlled release urea
yield
nitrogen recovery efficiency
inorganic nitrogen
