摘要
离子液体具有独特的理化性能,作为一种环境友好、"可设计性"的溶剂,近年来成为化学领域的热点和前沿。离子液体作为自由基聚合反应的溶剂,对聚合速率、聚合产物结构及性能都有一定的影响。离子液体已经被较为广泛地应用于不同介质、不同物相中的自由基聚合反应,但是并不完全。近两年来已有研究工作者将离子液体应用于微乳液和气相中的自由基聚合反应,并和其他有机溶剂及水溶液共同调控自由基聚合反应。离子液体也首次应用于有机碲调控的自由基聚合反应和氮氧稳定的自由基聚合反应。同时离子液体也可以调控自由基聚合反应后聚合物的结构和形貌,是一种很好的进行聚合物自组装的溶剂。本文主要综述了近年来离子液体对自由基聚合反应的影响,特别是对聚合产物结构及性能的影响,最后展望了离子液体在聚合反应中的应用前景。
With many unique physical and chemical characteristics,ionic liquids are the novel green and ＂designable＂ solvents,and they have become the frontier of chemistry research in recent years.Ionic liquids have an effect on the polymerization rate,the structure and properties of polymerization products as the solvents of radical polymerization.Ionic liquids have been somewhat widely used in the different media,different physical phases of radical polymerization.But there are other media and physical phases,in which ionic liquids have not been used.In the past two years,some researchers have firstly used ionic liquids in the microemulsion radical polymerization and gas phase radical polymerization,and then to control the radical polymerization with other organic solvents and aqueous solutions in common.Ionic liquids have also been used in the Organotellurium-Mediated living radical polymerization（TERP） and Nitroxide-Mediated controlled/living radical copolymerization（NMP） firstly.Meanwhile,ionic liquids can also control the structure and morphology of the polymers obtained by the radical polymerization,which implied that ionic liquids were good solvents in the polymer self-assembly.This paper summarized the influence of the ionic liquids on the radical polymerization and the structure and properties of as-prepared polymers.Furthermore,the future development trends of ionic liquids in the application of the radical polymerization were also discussed.
出处
《化学通报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2012年第11期1047-1047,共1页
Chemistry
关键词
离子液体
自由基聚合
共聚物
Ionic liquid
Radical polymerization
Copolymer
