1Hall, R . E. Stochastic Implications of the Life Cycle-Permanent In- come Hypothesis: Theory and Evidence[J]. Journal of Political Econo- my, 1978, (86).
2Caballero, R. J. Consumption Puzzles and Precautionary Saving[J] . Journal o f Monetary Economics, 1990, (25).
3Cambell, J. Y.,Mankiw, N . G .Permanent Income, Current Income, and Consumption[J]. Journal of Business and Economic Statistics, 1991 ,( 8 ).
4Deaton, A. Saving and Liquidity Constraints[J]. Econometrica, 1991, (59).