摘要
用18对多态性微卫星标记对采自秦皇岛海域的90尾野生牙鲆（Paralichthys olivaceus）进行遗传分析。18个微卫星位点共检测出161个等位基因;各位点等位基因数为7~11个,平均为8.9;有效等位基因为3.7~8.0,平均有效等位基因为5.9;各个位点多态信息含量为0.69~0.86,平均值为0.80;Shannon多样性指数平均值为1.9;观测杂合度（Ho）值为0.33~0.87,平均值为0.64;期望杂合度为0.74~0.89,平均期望杂合度（He）为0.84。χ2检验表明,18个位点中有9个的等位基因分布偏离了哈迪温伯格平衡（P〈0.05）。研究结果表明,秦皇岛海域野生牙鲆群体遗传信息含量丰富、等位基因分布均匀,遗传多样性较高,但是,存在Hardy-Weinberg不平衡现象。
With the increase of fishery exploitation and environmental pollution,the stocks of Japanese Floun-der（Paralichthy solivaceus）are becoming significantly reduced.Fish culture and artificial hatching will have to play a greater role in providing flounder sources.Germplasm degradation within fish culture and the effects of artificial hatches on the wild group are becoming an increasing concern.Therefore,analysis of the genetic diver-sity status of the wild flounder group at the DNA level is very important for protection of flounder germplasm resources.In this study,in order to provide the basic data to correctly evaluate the flounder germplasm resources and the genetic diversity of the wild group,18 high level polymorphism microsatellite markers were used to screen a wild flounder group including 90 samples,captured in 2009 at the Qinhuangdao offshore area,Hebei Province,China.A total of 161 alleles were detected.Allele number in all 18 loci ranged from 7–11,with an average of 8.9.Effective allele number ranged from 3.7–8.0,with an average of 5.9.Polymorphism information content ranged from 0.69–0.86,with an average of 0.80.The mean Shannon information index was estimated to be 1.9.The minimum observed heterozygosity was 0.33 and the maximum was 0.64with the mean being 0.64.The minimum expected heterozygosity was 0.74,the maximum was 0.89 and the mean was 0.84.A total of nine loci were proved significantly deviated from the Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium by the χ2 test（P0.05）.The results indicated that the offshore flounder population within Qinhuangdao is a valuable germplasm resource,rich in genetic information,and had an even allele distribution and a relatively high level of genetic diversity.As a measure of protecting the natural genetic diversity of the flounder population,reducing the impact of released groups on wild groups in an effective way and improving genetic diversity of the flounder group in the open sea,breeding fries for artificial hatches using wild flounders as brood-stocks is suggested.Because of the limited resource,brood-stocks in most hatcheries consisted largely of cultured flounders and a small number of wild flounders.Therefore,periodically changing spawn brood-stocks and increasing the number of wild brood-stocks will be the first step to increase the genetic diversity of released flounder groups,thereby reducing the impact of the hatch flounders being releasing to the open sea on wild flounder groups.
出处
《中国水产科学》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2012年第6期963-969,共7页
Journal of Fishery Sciences of China
基金
农业部公益性行业科研专项(200903005
200903046-07)
中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金项目(2009C012)
关键词
牙鲆
微卫星标记
遗传多样性
Paralichthysolivaceus
flounders
microsatellite marker
genetic diversity
