摘要
目的:独一味是藏药重要的习用高原野生药材,具有重要的药用价值与经济价值,药材目前完全依赖野生资源。文章调查了我国独一味主要分布区独一味野生蕴藏量、利用现状及面临的问题,为独一味资源的可持续利用提供依据。方法:国内外文献收集整理、大专院校与科研机构标本馆标本查阅、主要中药材市场调研与产地药农走访、野外实地样方调查与GIS等多种研究方法相结合。结果:独一味的野生资源蕴藏量为3 713～6 896 t,野生资源主要分布区依次为青海(2 519～3 314 t)、甘肃(490～1 414 t)、四川(641～1 167 t)、西藏(422～999 t),年允收量为908～1 675 t,年实际采收量为2 520 t;独一味主要分布在退化的和正在退化的高海拔草地、灌丛草地、湿地等生境中。结论:独一味野生资源的采收量远远高于年允收量,使该资源的利用变得不可持续;独一味是高原退化生境典型的指示植物;独一味面临着生态保护与种群退化的双重压力,野生抚育与产业化人工栽培还有很多困难。
Objective： Lamiophlomis rotata is a common wild herb in Tibetan traditional medicine with important medicinal and economic value. The paper examines the wild distributions, exploitation regime, and situations. Method： A variety of research methods, such as literature survey, specimens inspection, market information collection in major Chinese herbal markets, questionnaire of herbalists and employers nf local governments and institutions, and field quadrat survey and AerCIS as well, have heen used for this work. Result： Total stock of wild resources of L. rotata is ranging from 3 713.49 tons to 6 896.56 tons （2 519-3 314 t in Qinghai, 490-1 414 t in Gansu, 641-1 167 t in Sichuan,and 422-999 t in Tibet, respectively）, acceptable harvest quantity of the herb is ranging from 908-1 675 t per year, and actual harvest quantity is 2 520 t annually far beyond the acceptable harvest quantity. Conclusion： Harvesting quantity of L. rotata is far more than that of acceptable, suggesting that utilization pattern of this wild resource plant is un- sustainable. L. rotata seems to act as an indicating plant of degraded ecosystem of high-altitude grassland, shrub grassland, and wet- land, and distributes in those degraded and degrading plateau ecosystems, and the plant is facing with pressure of ecological protection and wild resource population degradation. Wild population monitoring and standard cultivation are of importance for although they are far from implementation due to shortage of related basic studies.
出处
《中国中药杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2012年第22期3500-3505,共6页
China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica
基金
科技基础性工作专项重点项目(2007FY110600)
关键词
独一味
野生药用植物资源
野生资源蕴藏量
高原野生药材
Lamiophlomis rotate
wild resource of medicinal plant
wild resource stock
plateau wild medicinal plant
