摘要
目的探讨静脉使用乌拉地尔、硝酸甘油、硝普钠三组药物急诊救治老年高血压急性肺水肿的疗效。方法将45例60岁及以上老年高血压急性肺水肿患者随机分为乌拉地尔组、硝酸甘油组、硝普钠组,各15例,记录所有患者用药前及用药后2 h呼吸频率、心率、血压及血气等指标,比较疗效和不良反应的差别。结果硝普钠组及乌拉地尔组在治疗后2 h内症状均完全缓解,且治疗后2 h各观察指标比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。硝酸甘油组治疗效果较差,其治疗后2 h各指标分别与另两组比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。乌拉地尔组不良反应最少。结论硝酸甘油治疗高血压急性肺水肿疗效欠佳,乌拉地尔与硝普钠疗效相似,而乌拉地尔更为安全,可作为急诊救治老年高血压急性肺水肿的首选药物之一。
Objective To study the effectiveness of intravenous urapidil,nitroglycerin and sodium nitroprusside in the elderly with hypertension and acute pulmonary edema in emergency treatment.Methods 45 cases hypertensive patients ≥ 60 years old with acute pulmonary edema were randomly divided into urapidil group,nitroglycerin group and sodium nitroprusside group,15 cases in each group.Respiratory rate,heart rate,blood pressure,and blood gas were measured before and 2 hours after treatment,the difference of side effect and adverse reaction were compared.Results 2 hours after the treatment,all patients were completely relieved and no differences between urapidil group and sodium nitroprusside group were observed（P0.05）.Nitroglycerin group therapy was the least effective,significant differences of each index with the other two groups 2 hours after treatment were observed（P0.05）.Urapidil group had the least side effect among three groups.Conclusion Nitroglycerin effect in the treatment of hypertension with acute pulmonary edema is not quite satisfactory.Urapidil has similar efficacy with sodium nitroprusside,but is safer.So urapidil can be used as one of the preferred drugs to the elderly with hypertension and acute pulmonary edema in emergency treatment.
出处
《医学综述》
2012年第21期3710-3712,共3页
Medical Recapitulate
关键词
高血压
急性肺水肿
老年
乌拉地尔
硝酸甘油
硝普钠
Hypertension
Acute pulmonary edema
Elderly
Urapidil
Nitroglycerin
Sodium nitroprusside
