摘要
目的了解北京地区尘螨过敏性哮喘患儿家庭环境内尘螨过敏原含量分布特征,初步探讨尘螨过敏原暴露水平的临床意义。方法选取54例尘螨过敏性哮喘患儿,其中男性37例,女性17例;年龄3～16岁,平均年龄8岁2个月。采集患儿家庭中床垫、枕头、卧室地板、客厅地板及沙发的灰尘,采用酶联免疫吸附分析(ELISA)测定以上灰尘样本中户尘螨1组过敏原(Der p1)和粉尘螨1组过敏原(Der f1)的含量;应用荧光ELISA测定患儿血清尘螨特异性IgE浓度;评估患儿哮喘临床控制情况,应用化学发光法测定患儿呼出气一氧化氮浓度(FeNO)。结果采集灰尘样本255份,以中位数(最小值～最大值)表示尘螨过敏原含量,床垫、枕头和沙发灰尘样本中Derf1和Derp1的含量显著高于卧室地板和客厅地板灰尘样本中尘螨过敏原含量。Derf1平均含量为0.13μg/g,显著高于Derp1平均含量0.02μg/g(P<0.05)。Derp1和Derf1联合暴露的最高含量平均为2.18(0.07～54.59)μg/g。Der p1和Der f1联合最高暴露含量≥10.00μg/g、2.00～10.00μg/g、0.05～2.00μg/g的例数分别为4例(7.4%)、24例(44.4%)、26例(48.1%)。其中未控制组患儿家庭内尘螨过敏原最高暴露水平为27.41(0.23～54.59)μg/g,均显著高于部分控制组和控制组哮喘患儿尘螨过敏原最高暴露水平1.66(0.07～26.27)μg/g、2.90(0.37～33.75)μg/g(P<0.05)。不同sIgE浓度分级组间尘螨过敏原最高暴露水平的差异、不同FeNO浓度范围组间尘螨过敏原最高暴露水平差异均无统计学意义。结论北京地区尘螨过敏性哮喘患儿家庭尘螨以Der f1为主,床垫、枕头及沙发灰尘样本是Der p1和Der f1的主要来源;哮喘未控制者的尘螨过敏原最高暴露水平明显增高。
Objective To investigate the distributions of house dust mite allergens＇ concentrations in household dust from house dust mite （HDM）-allergic asthmatic children in Beijing, and analyze the clinical significance of dust mites exposure levels. Methods A total of 54 HDM-allergic asthmatic children were enrolled（male 37, female 17, aged from 3 -16 years old, mean age 8 years and 2 months）. Dust samples from mattresses, pillows, bedroom floor, living room floor and sofas were collected. The concentrations of Der p 1 and Der fl were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA）. The levels of HDM slgE in patients＇ blood were determined by fluoroenzyme-immunometric assay. The status of clinical control of the asthma patients was evaluated. The concentrations of fraction of exhaled nitric oxide（FeNO） were measured by chemiluminescence method. Results A total of 255 dust samples were collected, and the concentrations of Der fl or Der pl were expressed as median （minimum - maximum）. The concentrations of Der fl and Der p 1 from mattresses, pillows and sofas dust samples were significantly higher than that from bedroom floor and living room floor. The concentrations of Der fl of all dust samples were significantly higher than those of Der pl, and the concentrations were 0.13 μg/g and 0.02 μg/g, respectively. The average of the highest concentrations of mite allergens was 2.18 （0.07 - 54.59） μg/g, the highest concentrations of mite allergens were grouped into 3 classes at ≥ 10 μg/g, 2 - 10 μg/g, 0.05 - 2.00 μg/g, and the cases of 3 classes were 4（7.4 %）, 24（44.4 %）, 26（48.1%） respectively. The highest levels of house dust mite allergens in the asthma uncontrolled group was significantly higher than those of the asthma controlled group and partial controlled group. The highest levels of house dust mite allergens were 27.41（0,23 - 54.59） μg/g, 1.66（0.07 - 26.27） μg/g and 2.90（0.37 - 33.75） μg/g, respectively. There was no significant difference in the highest levels of mite allergens between groups of HDM slgE level or grades of FeNO level. Conclusion It is demonstrated that Der fl is the predominant mite allergen in household dust with very high concentrations in mattresses, pillows and sofas in Beijing. The highest levels of house dust mite allergens in the asthma uncontrolled group are significantly higher than those in the asthma controlled group and the partial controlled group.
出处
《生物医学工程与临床》
CAS
2012年第6期586-591,共6页
Biomedical Engineering and Clinical Medicine
基金
北京市教委科技计划重点项目(KZ201110025032)
关键词
哮喘
患儿
尘螨过敏原
临床意义
asthma
children
house dust mite allergens
clinical significance
