1Kadish HA, Bolte RG. A retrospective review of pediatric patients with epididymitis,testicular torsion,and torsion of testicular appendages padiattics, 1998,102:73-76.
2Peter CA , Testicular tersion. In:Liberation JA. Reconstructive Urologic Surgery. 3rd ed. St Louis, Missouri: Mosby, 1998. 587-592.