摘要
以胶州湾大沽河口湿地为研究区,利用TM遥感影像为数据源,运用ENVI4.4软件在GIS技术支持下,提取1986、2002和2010年研究区自然湿地、人工湿地、非湿地3大景观类型的空间信息;运用景观格局指数原理和方法构建生态安全指数,定量分析研究区景观动态变化,阐明景观格局变化下,生态安全状况及驱动机制。结果表明:1986—2010年,研究区在自然与人为双重干扰下陆地面积萎缩,斑块数增多,优势景观消失,景观趋于复杂化、破碎化、分离化;1986—2010年,人类活动对景观干扰愈加明显,景观干扰指数与生态安全指数存在负相关性,研究区各景观损失度上升,生态安全指数下降,其中以自然湿地中河流与河口湿地和芦苇湿地景观的恶化程度最大。基于面积因素构建的各景观生态安全度依次为:非湿地>人工湿地>自然湿地;新建并发育的人工林景观和新整合的少海东湖人工湿地公园,在一定程度上弥补了研究区的生态损失,缓和了生态保护与经济发展之间的矛盾,探索出一条湿地保护新型道路。
By using Landsat TM as the main data source,and with the help of GIS and ENVI 4.4 software,the spatial information of the natural wetland,constructed wetland,and non-wetland in the Dagu estuary of Jiaozhou Bay in 1986,2002,and 2010 was extracted,and,based on the principles and methods of landscape indices,the ecological safety index was constructed,aimed to quantitatively analyze the dynamic changes of the landscape in the study area,and elucidate the area＇s ecological safety status and related driving mechanisms under the changes of landscape pattern.From 1986 to 2010,due to the natural and anthropogenic double interferences,the land area of Dagu estuary was diminishing.The amount of patches increased,dominant landscape disappeared,and landscape tended to be complicated,fragmentized,and separated.The interference of human activities on the landscape became more and more obvious.There was a negative correlation between the landscape interference index and ecological safety index.The loss degree of each landscape increased,while the ecological safety index decreased,with the landscape of river and reed wetland having the largest deterioration degree.The area-based landscape ecological safety was in the order of non-wetland constructed wetland natural wetland.To some extent,the newly established forest plantations and the newly integrated Shaohai East Lake artificial wetland park offset the ecological loss in the study area,alleviated the conflict between the area＇s ecological conservation and economic growth,and developed a new way to protect the wetland.
出处
《生态学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2012年第11期2891-2899,共9页
Chinese Journal of Ecology
基金
青岛市公共领域科技支撑计划项目(09-1-1-54-nsh)
山东省高等学校科技计划项目(J10LB05)
教育部科学技术研究重点项目(2011094)资助
关键词
胶州湾
湿地
景观格局
景观指数
生态安全
Jiaozhou Bay
wetland
landscape pattern
landscape index
ecological safety.
