摘要
19世纪,在恰克图贸易的商号中,美玉公记、美玉德记、兴玉中记、兴玉和记、大兴玉记等为山西常氏的商号。至太平天国时,福建茶没落,美玉公记和美玉德记经营显著衰落,而大兴玉记等贩卖湖南青茶,依旧生意兴隆。俄国学者的研究认为中国商人运输茶叶到恰克图,利润增加四倍,山西商人在恰克图茶叶贸易极为出色。但是,在1860年各地方政府征收厘金,让商人无利可图,再加上俄商的竞争,遂使恰克图贸易没落。
In 19th Century, those firms in Kiakhta trade such as Mieyugongji, Meiyudeji, Xinyuzhongji, Xinyuheji, Daxinyuji etc. , were all run by the Chang＇s family in Shanxi province. In Taiping Rebellion, Fuk- ien Tea was declined and the business of Mieyugongji and Meiyudeji were dropped dramatically, but those bus- inesses of Daxinyuji remained prosperously by selling Hunan green tea. From the study of Russian scholars, it was recognized that Chinese merchants could gain fourfold profits by transporting tea to Kiakhta, thus proving the outstanding tea business from Shanxi province in Kiakhta trade. However, local governments had enforced transit taxation which made the tea trade unprofitable for brtsinessmen in 1860. Combined with the competition from Russian merchants, the trade in Kiakhta had eventually declined.
出处
《史学集刊》
CSSCI
北大核心
2012年第6期33-47,共15页
Collected Papers of History Studies
基金
"清代恰克图贸易"(NSC100-2410-H-001-044)研究成果
关键词
恰克图
茶叶贸易
山西商人
常氏
Kiakhta
tea trade
Shanxi merchants
Chang＇s family
