摘要
[Objective] This study aimed to accomplish a biome classification of helophytes at Maqu,the first bend of the Yellow River.[Method] Helophgtes in the Maqu wetland were investigated using quadrat sampling method with references to plant specimens.[Result] The helophyte communities at Maqu wetland could be divided into two categories：sedge marshes and non-sedge marshes,which can be further subdivided into 4 biomes.The constructive species mainly included Blysmus sinocompressus,Blysmocarex nudicarpa,Eleocharis valleculosa and Polygonum amphibian.The sub-constructive species consisted mainly of Carex brunnescens,Catabrosa aquatica,Kobresia kansuensis,Polygonum amphibium and Leontopodium alpinum.The total coverage of communities ranged from 5% to 90%,which were commonly found in areas permanently ponded with water,such as watercourse depressions,floodplains,valley depressions,terrace scarp depressions and riverhead depressions,with the underground water depth of 20-30 cm.[Conclusion] The biome classification of helophyte communities provided scientific basis for the ecological restoration and control of Maqu wetland prairie.
[目的]本研究旨在对黄河首曲-玛曲湿地的沼生植物进行群系分类。[方法]采用样方法,同时参考植物标本,对玛曲湿地的沼生植物进行调查研究。[结果]玛曲湿地沼生植物的群落类型可分为莎草沼泽和杂类草沼泽2大类共4个群系。建群种主要包括华扁穗草(Blysmussinocompressus)、裸果扁穗苔草(Blysmocarex nudicarpa)、槽秆荸荠(Eleocharis valleculosa)和两栖蓼(Polygonum amphibium);亚建群种主要包括褐鳞苔草(Carex brunnescens)、沿沟草(Catabrosa aquatica)、甘肃嵩草(Kobresia kansuensis)、两栖蓼(Polygonum amphibium)和火绒草(Leontopodiumalpinum)。群落总盖度在5%～90%之间;主要分布在河道洼地、河漫滩、沟谷洼地、阶地陡坎洼地、沟源洼地等常年积水的地方,地下水位埋深大都在20～30cm。[结论]进行沼生植物的群系分类研究,可以为玛曲湿地草原的生态恢复治理提供科学依据。
基金
Supported by the Fundamental Research for the Central Welfare Scientific Research Institutes,China(BRF090202)~~
