摘要
利用祁连山老虎沟流域布设的花杆观测了该区春季积雪的属性(深度、表面反射率、密度及含水量、粒径),并结合自动气象站上的积雪深度和反照率数据,对研究区春季积雪属性的分布及变化特征进行了观测和分析.结果表明:流域内积雪分布很不均一,在阴坡雪深大,阳坡雪深小;在不同海拔上,雪深随海拔有增高的趋势;不同类型、不同表面粗糙度、不同密度、不同含水率的积雪反射率不同,不同地物的反射率也不同;积雪剖面中逆温层结的形成与表面温度、雪深有密切关系,在一天内新降雪的密度及含水率随时间的变化具有较好的一致性.
In order to understand the physical process of snow cover and its feedback to climate system, it is necessary to study the properties of snow cover. In this paper, the distribution and variation of snow cover in spring in Laohugou wa- tershed of the Qilian Mountains was investigated. The snow cover properties, i.e., snow depth, snow density, snow liquid water content, snow re- flectance, snow surface albedo, snow grain size and temperature, were measured using some ad- vanced instruments during the observation. In ad- dition, snow cover profile was measured in snow pits. Snow cover depth measurement found that the spatial distribution of snow cover depth is quite various. The snow cover in shaded area is deeper than that on other slopes. The measured snow spectral reflectance shows a distinct dependence on snow grain size, snow type, snow depth, snow density, snow liquid water content and surface roughness. Snow surface albedo was measured by automatic weather station. When snow depth rea- ches a certain value, the snow cover always has heat preservation effect. There was a temperature profile with a temperature inversion layer depen- ding on snow cover depth and surface temperature. Within a day, new snow density variation is con- sistent with water content variation.
出处
《冰川冻土》
CSCD
北大核心
2012年第5期1091-1098,共8页
Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(41071046
41271085)
冰冻圈科学国家重点实验室自主研究项目(SKLCS-ZZ-Z012-01)
国家自然科学基金委基础人才培养基金冰川学冻土学特殊学科点(J0930003/J0109)
冰冻圈科学国家重点实验室开放基金项目(SKLCS-2010-10)资助
关键词
积雪属性
空间分布
春季
老虎沟流域
Laohugou watershed
spring
snow property
distribution
variation
