摘要
俄罗斯支持和管理科技创新的主要手段是提供财政投入、技术研发的专项资助和税收优惠等措施。近几年来，俄罗斯改革了政府科技投入的分配方式：一是将政府投入集中于优先领域从事关键技术研发的科研单位；二是建立研发项目申报招投标机制，提高政府科技投入透明度和竞争性。但由于长期以来俄罗斯的科技研发与生产企业脱节，研发单位与企业缺乏联系，再加上多年来形成的资源型经济巨大惯性，使得俄罗斯生产企业，特别是大型国有企业对创新充满惰性。俄罗斯从资源经济向创新型经济转轨还有很长的路要走，其国家创新体系还需要相当长时间的调整。
Russian government has taken some measures including tax incentives and special funding for technology R＆D to support and manage its national innovation of science and technology. In recent years, the allocation mode of scientific research funds by the government has changed in such rules： one is to support the priority and research institutes undertaking the key technology R＆D, the other is to introduce the bidding principle in project review and approval to ensure the transparency and competition of the government＇s funds. However, the long-time disconnecting between technology R＆D and enterprises in Russia, along with the huge inertia of resource-based economy for a long time, make its manufacturing enterprises, especially the big state- owned enterprises, show a great indolence to innovation. There is a long way to go for Russia to transfer its former resource-based economy to an innovation-based one, and the establishment of its innovation system also needs a period of time.
出处
《全球科技经济瞭望》
2012年第10期37-47,共11页
Global Science，Technology and Economy Outlook
关键词
俄罗斯
资源经济
创新型经济
科技投入
科学城
“高技术岛”模式
Russia
resource-based economy
innovation-based economy
science and technologyinvestment
science city
high-tech island model
