摘要
选取188名城市小学生为实验对象。研究材料为3张A4图片,图片上画着各种水果,每张图片上都有10个水果用1-10的数字标出。实验要求被试利用30秒的时间观察图片并记忆水果的位置,然后闭上眼睛凭记忆用笔在标有数字的水果上点一个黑点。实验设计分三种情境:游戏情境、奖励情境、惩罚情境。研究结果表明,奖励和惩罚会诱发小学生说谎和欺骗行为;奖励和惩罚更易于诱发低、中年级小学生说谎和欺骗,对高年级小学生影响较小;即使在没有奖励和惩罚的条件下,小学生依然存在说谎和欺骗行为。
188 urban pupils are selected as the experimental targets for the research.3 pieces of A4 pictures are used as the research material,on which a variety of fruits are drawed.On each picture 10 out of these kinds of fruits are labeled with the numbers from 1 to 10.These pupils are required to try to memorize each fruit＇s position in the picture in 30 seconds,then they are requested to close their eyes and draw the spots on the fruits with labeled numbers depending on their memory.The experiment consists of three kinds of situations： game situation,reward situation and penalty situation.The results indicate that the reward and the penalty may induce the pupils to lie or to deceit;the reward and the penalty is more inclined to induce the pupils of lower grades to lie,but not so great influnce on the pupils of higher grades;even if on the condition that is without the reward or the penalty,the pupils may also lie or deceit.
出处
《廊坊师范学院学报（自然科学版）》
2012年第5期81-83,86,共4页
Journal of Langfang Normal University(Natural Science Edition)
基金
河北省教育厅课题"小学儿童说谎认知和欺骗行为研究"(JYGH2010049)
关键词
小学生
说谎
欺骗
影响因素
pupil
lie
deceit
influnciail factors
