摘要
为了认识和评价石油开采对陇东地区土壤环境的影响,采用平板培养和多元分析法研究了不同石油污染程度下的土壤微生物群落特征及其与土壤环境因子的关系。结果显示:(1)微生物3大类群的数量以距污染源30m的样地S1-3最高,200m的S7-9次之,100m的S4-6最低;放线菌数量变化对Shannon—Wiener指数影响较大。(2)土壤有机质、含油量、含盐量、速效磷均为S1-3最高,S4-6次之,S7-9最低;土壤pH值、碱解氮及速效钾含量均以S7-9最高,S4-6次之,S1-3最低。(3)PCA结果显示TPHs含量在8种环境因子中作用最大,其含量的上升导致了土壤含盐率、有机质和速效磷的增加,进而影响到了土壤含水量、pH值、土壤细菌、放线菌、微生物总数及其他环境因子。研究表明,陇东黄土高原地区开展生物修复石油污染时,应充分开发利用土壤细菌及放线菌资源,并外源投加N,K等营养元素,从而刺激土著石油降解菌的生长,进而提高石油烃的降解效率。
To further understand and assess the effect of oil exploitation on soil environment in the Longdong region of the Loess Plateau,China,soil microbial-community characteristic and its relation with soil environmental factors under different oil pollution degrees were investigated by using plate culture and multivariate analysis.Results show that:(1) as for the total number of soil microorganism,the site plots(S1-3) surrounding oil pollution sources(30 m) demonstrated the top,and followed by the site plots(S7-9),200 m away from the pollution sources,as well as the site plots(S4-6),100 m away from the pollution sources,demonstrated the bottom.Besides,the group of actinomycetes with a smaller number played a more important role in the change of Shannon—Wiener index.(2) The environmental factors including soil organic matter,TPHs,salt rate and available P in the site plots(S1-3) demonstrated the top but the bottom in the site plots(S7-9);and however,soil pH,available N and available K in the site plots(S7-9) demonstrated the top but the bottom in the site plots(S1-3).(3) Principal component analysis(PCA) indicated that soil TPHs exerted the greatest influence among the 8 environmental factors,and its increase directly developed the content of soil salt,organic matter and available P,which further affected other environmental factors including soil moisture,pH vaule,bacteria,fungi,actinomycetes and even total microbial amount.The results above revealed that rational development of soil bacteria and actinomycetes resources and exogenous supply of nutrition concerning N and K could stimulate the growth of native oil degradation bacterium and then raise the petroleum hydrocarbon degradation efficiency during the process of bio-remediation on petroleum-contaminated soil in the Longdong region of the Loess Plateau,China.
出处
《水土保持通报》
CSCD
北大核心
2012年第5期145-151,共7页
Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation
基金
甘肃省庆阳市科技支撑计划项目"黄土高原陇东产油区污染土壤与水体原位修复研究"(GC2011-16)
中国科学院战略性先导科技专项"荒漠草地生态系统碳通量与固碳潜力研究"(XDA05050403)
关键词
陇东黄土高原
石油污染土壤
环境因子
土壤微生物
Longdong region of Loess Plateau
petroleum-contaminated soil
environmental factor
soil microorganism
