摘要
以虚拟水为基础的水足迹理论是一种全新的水资源概念,本文运用该理论对福建省九龙江流域进行了水足迹计算,并应用了水资源利用评价指标体系对水足迹计算结果进行评价,最后结合其他研究结论和水资源数据进行了比较分析。水足迹计算结果表明:九龙江流域人均水足迹计算值为1440.695m3/(capy)。水资源利用评价结果表明:流域水自给率为96.26%,进口依赖度仅为3.74%,对内部水资源依赖度较高;内部效益均不大,万吨水足迹人口密度为6.94人/万t,水足迹经济效益23.81元/m3,水足迹土地密度为36.4万m3/km2;水资源净贸易输出量为3.53亿m3,贡献率为3.80%,呈现较高的外向型;水资源匮乏指数为54%,水资源压力指数为57.80%。比较分析结果表明:水足迹计算值显著大于水资源公报数据,人均水足迹处于相对较高的水平,水匮乏度极低,水自给率较高。总体而言,九龙江流域水资源状况较为理想,但也面临巨大的压力和风险,因此需要加强水资源的科学管理,实现未来的可持续利用。
Water footprint theory is based on virtual water and is a new concept reflecting the real consumption and usage of water resources in a social-economic system. The theory provides a new method for evaluating water resources and understanding the water resource situation more scientifically. In this paper, we studied the subtropical Jiulong River located in southwest Fujian, China. Data were derived from local yearbooks and bulletins across the basin. During the calculation of water demands for agricultural production, virtual water contents per unit quality of agricultural products drew on and adapted Chapagain and Hoekstra’s research results from 2004. We applied an indicator system for water resource evaluation to assess calculation results. We then analyzed the calculation values in combination with conclusions from other research and relative water resource data. The results indicate that the water footprint of the Jiulong River Basin in 2009 was 50.165×10 8 m 3 and the water footprint per capita was 1440.695 m 3 /cap/y. The self-sufficiency rate was 96.26% and the basin mainly depends on internal water resources. Internal efficiency is not high, the population density per 10 thousand tons water footprint is 6.94 cap/10 4 t, the economy efficiency is 23.81 Yuan/m 3 and the land density is 3.64×10 5 m 3 /km 2 . The net trade output of water resources was 3.53 × 10 8 m 3 , the contribution rate is 3.80% and the basin represents obvious extraversion. The scarcity index of water resources was 54% and the pressure index was 57.80%, both of which are relatively low. Comparative analysis results indicate that the calculated value of the water footprint is significantly greater than local statistical water usage and water footprint per capita is relatively high. The scarcity index of water resources is extremely low while the self-sufficiency rate is very high. Overall, even under ideal conditions the Jiulong River Basin still faces great pressure and risk. Managers from local government need to understand the water resource situation from a new perspective and improve water resource management in this wet subtropical region. We need to strengthen the scientific management of water resources in order to realize proper sustainable utilization.
出处
《资源科学》
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2012年第10期1905-1912,共8页
Resources Science
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(编号:41175130)
教育部新世纪优秀人才支持计划
福建省高校新世纪优秀人才支持计划资助项目
关键词
虚拟水
水足迹
水资源评价
九龙江流域
Virtual water
Water footprint
Jiulong River Basin
Water resource evaluation
