摘要
细胞壁不仅是植物细胞结构的重要组成部分,而且控制着细胞的大小、形状和生长。细胞经有丝分裂后,原生质体吸水膨胀,细胞壁重塑,新生壁物质合成,纤维素定向沉积等引发细胞壁生长。在这些过程中,乙烯(ethylene,ET)、生长素(auxin)、赤霉素(gibberellin,GA)、油菜素甾醇(brassinosteroids,BR)等植物激素调控细胞壁生长相关酶类如纤维素合酶复合体(cellulose synthase A,CESA)、扩展素(expansin,EXP)、木葡聚糖内糖基转移酶/水解酶(xyloglucan endotran glucosylase/hydrolase,XET/XTH)的表达活性,进而调控细胞壁扩展,促使细胞壁的生长。
The cell wall not only provides basic skeleton to plant cell, but also controls the cell size, shape and growth. After mitosis, protoplast enlarges its size through absorbing water. In this phase, the cell wall is remodeled, with cellulose and other new wall materials synthesized and integrated. It finally causes cell growth. Phytohormones, such as IAA, GA, ET and BR, play vital roles in the process of cell expansion, which alters the expression and activity of cell wall-related enzymes such as cellulose synthase A （CESA）, expansin （EXP） and xyloglucan endotran glucosylase/hydrolase （XET/XTH）, and these factors regulate the cell wall expansion and finally promote cell growth.
出处
《生命的化学》
CAS
CSCD
2012年第5期464-470,共7页
Chemistry of Life
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(31160056/C020408)
新疆自然科学基金项目(2011211A014)资助
关键词
细胞壁
植物激素
松弛酶类
细胞壁扩展
cell wall
phytohormones
loosening enzymes
cell wall expansion
