摘要
以板块构造理论和石油地质学理论为基础,通过分析西非海岸盆地的形成和演化,结合西非深水区油气勘探现状和深水油气藏研究结果,总结了西非深水区油气地质特征,并探讨了深水区油气勘探前景。西非海岸盆地的形成演化可以分为前裂谷、裂谷和后裂谷3个阶段。受盆地形成演化的控制,西非海岸盆地烃源岩主要包括裂谷阶段下白垩统湖相烃源岩、后裂谷阶段上白垩统海相烃源岩和古近系——新近系海相烃源岩3套;深水区储层以后裂谷阶段上白垩统和古近系——新近系深水浊积砂岩为主;主要圈闭类型为构造-地层或构造-岩性圈闭,其次为构造圈闭和地层-岩性圈闭。西非海岸盆地中以下刚果盆地和尼日尔三角洲深水区勘探前景最好,其次是科特迪瓦盆地、贝宁盆地和塞内加尔盆地深水区,杜阿拉盆地和里奥穆尼盆地深水区有一定的勘探潜力,宽扎盆地深水区目前勘探风险较大。
On the basis of plate tectonic theory and petroleum geology theory, we analyzed the formation and evolution of West Africa coastal basins, studied deepwater exploration data and typical deepwater oil & gas fields, and discussed petroleum geologic characteristics and exploration potential of deepwater areas in West Africa. The evolution of West Africa coastal basins can be divided into prerift stage, syn-rift stage, and post-rift stage. Controlled by formation and evolution of the basins, most of deepwater fields developed in post-rift stage and oil fields are predominant. Oil and gas found in West Africa deepwater settings are generated from Lower Cretaceous (syn-rift stage) lacustrine source rocks, Upper Cretaceous and Tertiary (post-rift stage) marine source rocks. The most important deepwater reservoirs are turbidite channel sandstone. The main types of deepwater traps are combined stratigraphic-structural traps, followed by structural traps and stratigraphic traps. Deepwater exploration potential is best in Lower Congo basin and Niger Delta, and is good in Cote D'ivoire basin, Benin basin and Senegal basin. Douala basin and Rio Muni basin have fair deepwater exploration potential, whereas, deepwater exploration may be highly risky in Kwanza basin.
出处
《油气地质与采收率》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2012年第5期1-5,111,共5页
Petroleum Geology and Recovery Efficiency
基金
国家科技重大专项"全球常规油气资源潜力分析与未来战略选区"(2011ZX05028-001)
关键词
深水区
油气地质
勘探前景
深水浊积岩
西非海岸盆地
deepwater area
petroleum geology
exploration potential
turbidities
West Africa coastal basins
