摘要
蛟龙号的水声通信机实现了世界上首次7000 m深度的潜器与母船间的图像、语音、数据和文字的水声通信传输。研究了适用于载人潜水器的水声通信信号处理。(1)它有4种通信功能:1)相干水声通信,传输速率为5～15 kbps,用于传输图像;2)非相干水声通信,传输速率300 bps,传输文字、指令和数据;3)扩频水声通信,传输速率16 bps,传输指令;4)水声语音通信,采用单边带调制技术传输语音。(2)相干水声通信信号处理方法主要是自适应多普勒补偿的多通道自优化判决反馈自适应均衡器,它与Turbo码级联工作,同时采用定长编码的小波图像压缩方法。(3)声呐线阵吊放至水中一定深度,实现空间分集合并技术。(4)太平洋水域试验表明,水声通信机的作用距离几乎覆盖了所有地球海洋的深度,7s或14s传输一幅光图或声图。
For the first time in the world, underwater acoustic transmission of images, human voice, data and texts between 7000 m depth underwater and ocean surface was accomplished by underwater acoustic communication system of manned deep submersible ＂Jiaolong＂. In this paper, signal processing in underwater acoustic communication system for manned deep submersible ＂Jiaolong＂ is introduced. （1） Four communication methods are integrated to meet different needs： 1） Coherent underwater acoustic communication, with a variable transmission rate from 5 kbps to 15 kbps, to transmit images. 2） Non-coherent underwater acoustic communication, with a transmission rate 300 bps, to transmit texts, instructions, and sensor data. 3） Spread spectrum underwater acoustic communication, with a transmission rate 16 bps, to transmit instructions. 4） Underwater voice communication, using single sideband modulation to transmit human voice. （2） Signal processing method in coherent communication mainly consists of concatenation of decision feedback equalizer and ~hrbo decoder, and wavelet based image compression with fixed length coding. In the equalizer, Doppler compensation, multichannel combining and equalizer coefficients updating are all using fast self-optimized adaptive algorithm. （3） A linear hydrophone array is lowered from the mother ship to certain depth, and spatial diversity combining technology is adopted. （4） Diving trial of ＂Jia^long＂ was carried out in Pacific Ocean. The communication distance can cover nearly all ocean depth. An optical/acoustic image can be transmitted in 7 or 14 seconds.
出处
《声学学报》
EI
CSCD
北大核心
2012年第6期565-573,共9页
Acta Acustica
基金
国家863计划项目(2002AA401004,2009AA093301,2009AA093601)
