摘要
芒属种质资源是芒属能源作物新品种育种的基础。为了给开展芒属的相关遗传分析提供基础,本研究以中国芒属植物全部7个种类为材料,对382对玉米SSR引物和100对甘蔗EST-SSR引物的通用性进行研究以筛选有效的微卫星分子标记。筛选分前期筛选以获得初步有效的引物和后期使用这些初步有效的引物对全部供试材料进行扩增2个环节进行。结果表明,在全部84份供试材料中都能实现稳定PCR扩增且条带清晰、有多态性、能准确判读的玉米SSR引物和甘蔗EST-SSR引物分别为39对(10.21%)和13对(13.00%)。这52对引物在所有供试材料中扩增总共得到250条带。其中在芒属中产生220条带,而多态性条带为206条(93.64%),平均每对引物获得3.96条多态性条带。在扩增条带中,出现了不少特异性条带。基于全部250条带计算得到的遗传相似度(GS)为0.588～0.988。采用非加权类平均法聚类的结果表明,在GS=0.68水平上,中国芒属植物分为两大类:第一类由尼泊尔芒、双药芒、红山茅构成,第二类由芒、五节芒同荻、南荻组成;在GS=0.82水平上,芒与五节芒同荻与南荻分开;在GS=0.88时,芒与五节芒分开。结果初步表明中国芒属植物遗传多样性比较丰富。其中,芒、五节芒、荻和南荻的相似性较高,相似度为0.780～0.988,说明它们之间的遗传距离较近,而尼泊尔芒、双药芒、红山茅同这四者的遗传距离却较远。因此建议在中国芒属植物的遗传改良和新品种选育时,亲本选配可以适当考虑这三者,以拓宽杂交种的遗传基础。
Miscanthus germplasm resources are fundamental to breed its new varieties better suitable for being utilized as energy crop.In order to screen the effective microsatellite molecular markers prior to the relevant genetic analysis for Miscanthus,we studied the transferability of 382 maize SSR primer pairs and 100 sugarcane EST-SSR primers pairs using the accessions from all the 7 species of Miscanthus in China.The screening included two sections,which were preliminary screening to obtain those primer pairs which were preliminarily considered to be effective,and the PCR amplification for all 84 accessions using these primer pairs.The number of 39（10.21%） maize SSR primer pairs and 13（13.00%） sugarcane EST-SSR primer pairs were obtained through screening,respectively,whose amplification bands were reproducible,strong and polymorphic,and could be exactly scored across all 84 accessions.A total of 250 amplification bands were produced by the 52 primer pairs,of which 220 bands were produced in Miscanthus.Of the 220 bands,206（93.64%） were polymorphic with an average of 3.96,and some of them were specific,which were only possessed by some taxon or taxa in the genus.The genetic similarity（GS） ranged from 0.588 to 0.988 based on the all 250 amplification bands.UPGMA clustering analysis showed that Miscanthus in China was divided into two groups on the level of GS=0.68.The former contained Miscanthus nepalensis,M.nudipes,and M.paniculatus,and the latter comprised of M.sinensis,M.floridulus,M.sacchariflorus,and M.lutarioriparius.On the level of GS=0.82,M.sinensis and M.floridulus constituted one subgroup,and M.sacchariflorus and M.lutarioriparius constituted another subgroup.On the level of GS=0.88,M.sinensis and M.floridulus were separated with each other.The results preliminarily showed that there was rich genetic diversity among all the taxa of Miscanthus in China.The genetic similarity among M.sinensis,M.floridulus,M.sacchariflorus,and M.lutarioriparius ranged from 0.780 to 0.988,which indicated there were small genetic distances among them.However,there were relatively long genetic distances between the group consisting of M.nepalensis,M.nudipes,and M.paniculatus,and the other group comprised of M.sinensis,M.floridulus,M.sacchariflorus,and M.lutarioriparius,which implied that M.nepalensis,M.nudipes,and M.paniculatus should be given appropriate consideration when selecting parents in the course of genetic improvement and breeding of Miscanthus from China in order to broaden the genetic basis of varieties.
出处
《草业学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2012年第5期86-95,共10页
Acta Prataculturae Sinica
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(30971832)
国家高技术研究发展计划(863计划)项目(2011AA10020903)资助
