摘要
D表需求,S表供给,P表价格,则有D=f(p),S=g(p),在动态情形下与时间t(年代)有关,应为Dt与St。确定均衡价格时,应依据t年代需求与年代t-1时的供给来确定,应有关系f(pt)=g(pt-1),由些解出均衡价格pt=p(t)。一般在f与g均为线性函数时,可用差分方程解出p(t)曲线呈蛛网现象,有收敛、发散与闭封三态。本文第一部分除上述情形予以清晰推演以外,并特别指出当f与g均为非线性时仍有蛛网现象。在动态情形下,引进与时间有关的需求弹性系数,以及供给弹性系数再定义此两者的弹性比率μ(t)=ED(t)/ES(t)那么,我们在本文第二部分里将指出:在弹性理论下来考察Pt=P(t)曲线时,可严格得出:依据μ<1,μ=1与μ>1,必有具收敛、封闭与发散三态的蛛网现象。
In the theory of mathematical economics, under the dynamic circumstance, the givemore precisely elasticity theorem that depends on variable time-t and we connect with thefamous Kaldor's cobweb to obtain this good result. At the sometlmes, as demand and supplyare all nonlinear function of price, we point exactly out that it still has the cobweb effect.
出处
《青岛大学学报(自然科学版)》
CAS
2000年第2期8-13,共6页
Journal of Qingdao University(Natural Science Edition)
关键词
需求
供给
均衡价格
蛛网理论
弹性理论
elasticity of demand, elasticity of supply, equilibrum price, cobweb theorem