摘要
目的了解目前中国农村地区成人乙肝疫苗接种情况,探讨成人乙肝疫苗接种行为的影响因素,为医改后继续深化乙肝防治提供依据。方法于2011年3—7月采用多阶段与概率比例规模(PPS)抽样结合的方法,抽取宁夏、河北、山东、江苏4个省7个县市23个村12 499名≥18岁农村居民,对其乙肝疫苗接种情况及主要影响因素进行问卷调查。结果 4省农村成人中乙肝疫苗接种率为13.89%(1 736/12 499),全程接种率为11.02%(1 378/12 499),接种人群中全程接种率为79.38%(1 378/1 736);多分类有序logistic回归分析结果表明,年龄越大,乙肝疫苗接种针次越少;人均年收入越高、乙肝认知越好、对乙肝疫苗的信任度越高、威胁评估越高、文化程度越高,乙肝疫苗接种针次越多;农民和打工者乙肝疫苗接种针次较少。结论年龄、职业、文化程度、经济原因和对乙肝防治知识及疫苗的认识不足是农村成人乙肝疫苗接种行为的主要影响因素。
Objective To study influencing factors of the vaccination of hepatitis B vaccine（HBV） in rural adults.Methods Probability proportionate to size sampling was carried out in Ningxia,Hebei,Shandong,and Jiangsu provinces.A sample of 12 499 rural adults aged 18 years or older were recruited and the hepatitis B immunization history and influencing factors were investigated with a questionnaire in 2011.Results The hepatitis B vaccination rate was 13.89% and the complete vaccination rate was 11.02%,with a completion rate of 79.38% among the adults with HBV vaccination.With the increase of age,the vaccination doses decreased（odds ratio=0.942,P=0.000）.On the contrary,with the increase of income（OR=1.112,P=0.005）,knowledge of HBV（OR=1.062,P=0.000）,immunization（OR=1.140,P=0.000）,perceived threat（OR=1.024,P=0.043）,and education level（χ2=1174.70,P=0.000）,the vaccination doses increased.Peasants and farm workers had the lowest doses.Conclusion Lacking of knowledge about hepatitis B and the concern on the cost of vaccine are the main influencing factors of vaccination of hepatitis B vaccine in adults.Health education of hepatitis B knowledge for peasants and farm workers should be promoted.
出处
《中国公共卫生》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2012年第10期1291-1293,共3页
Chinese Journal of Public Health
基金
挪威研究委员会项目(196400/S50)
关键词
乙肝疫苗
成人
影响因素
hepatitis B vaccine
adult
influencing factor
