摘要
为了考察不同季节人体对室内热环境的适应性和冬季外窗冷辐射对人体局部热感觉的影响,对哈尔滨市冬季、春季采暖期间教室内热环境与人体热感觉及热舒适进行现场调查.在对环境参数进行测试的同时,对受试者的热感觉进行主观调查.结果表明:冬季室内热中性温度与测试期间室内平均温度接近,春季采暖末期热中性温度明显低于室内平均温度.靠窗组受试者的局部冷感觉明显高于对照组受试者.人体肩部和后背更易感到冷,头部更适应冷环境.在偏暖的环境中,冬季比春季人们更容易感到热.说明人们对哈尔滨漫长冬季的室内热环境和寒冷的室外气候已经充分适应,冬季室内温度过高,人们会感觉更加不适.宜充分利用人对热环境的适应性适当降低冬季和春季采暖末期室内温度,既舒适又节能.
To analyze the impact of season on human thermal adaptability and the influence of cold radiation from window in winter on human local thermal sensation,a field study on indoor thermal environment,thermal sensation and thermal comfort in classrooms at a university in Harbin during the heating period in winter and spring was conducted.The environment parameters were tested and at the same time the subjects’ thermal sensation were undertaken.The results show that the neutral temperature is close to the indoor average temperature during winter.The neutral temperature is obviously lower than the indoor average temperatures during spring.In warmer climates,the subjects felt warmer in winter than that in spring.This shows that people in Harbin has fully adapted to the indoor and outdoor thermal environment in long-term cold winter.If the indoor air temperatures are kept too high in winter,people will feel more uncomfortable.The human adaptability to thermal environment should be made full use of by reducing the indoor temperature during winter and spring to improve comfort and save energy for heating.The subjects nearby the window feel colder than the control group subjects.The occupants often feel cold at their shoulder and back,and feel comfortable at their head.The adaptive measures taken by the subjects include opening doors or windows,increasing or decreasing clothes,etc.
出处
《哈尔滨工业大学学报》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2012年第8期48-52,共5页
Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology
基金
黑龙江省自然科学基金资助项目(E201039)
沈阳建筑大学建筑节能与室内环境控制省级重点实验室开放基金资助项目(JN-200905)
关键词
热舒适
热适应
热感觉
冷辐射
现场调查
thermal comfort
thermal adaptability
thermal sensation
cold radiation
field study
