摘要
目的研究神经内科重症监护病房(NICU)发生医院感染的病原学与病房环境因素的关系,为有效切断致病菌的传播途径提供依据。方法选取2010年9月-2011年9月唐山市某三甲医院NICU住院患者为监测对象,监测其医院感染的发生情况,同时监测发生感染患者室内空气及床单位(枕头、被服)等环境。结果 224例住院患者中有65例发生医院感染,感染率为29.02%,感染部位以下呼吸道为主,占90.24%;感染病原菌中革兰阴性杆菌占77.01%,主要为铜绿假单胞菌和肺炎克雷伯菌,革兰阳性球菌占16.67%,主要为金黄色葡萄球菌,真菌占6.32%;感染患者病房环境主要以革兰阳性球菌为主。结论铜绿假单胞菌、肺炎克雷伯菌、金黄色葡萄球菌等是引发NICU医院感染的主要病原菌,病房空气或床单位等环境因素是这些致病菌的重要传播途径之一,因此应加强病房环境和病床单位的消毒,以防止医院感染的传播。
OBJECTIVE To analyze the type of etiology of nosocomial infections and its relationship with the environmental factors of the ward in the neurological intensive care unit（NICU） and to provide the basis for hospital infection control.METHODS The patients in the NICU of a hospital in Tangshan from Sep 2010 to Oct 2011 were selected as the objects of this study.The incidence of nosocomial infection was monitored,and the indoor air and bed units（pillows,bedding and clothing） environment of patients with nosocomial infection were monitored as well.RESULTS There were 65 cases of nosocomial infections in 224 patients.The infection rate was 29.02%.Lower respiratory tract was the main site of infections and the constituent ratio was 90.24%.The gram-negative bacilli were the main pathogens and the constituent ratio was 16.67%.They were mainly Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Klebsiella pneumoniae.The gram-positive cocci accounted for 16.67%,and mainly Staphylococcus aureus.Fungi accounted for 6.32%.The gram-positive cocci were the main pathogens causing infections in the ward environment.CONCLUSION P.aeruginosa,K.pneumoniae,S.aureus and other bacteria are the important pathogens which lead to nosocomial infections in the NICU.Ward air,bed units,and other environmental factors are the important routes of transmission of these pathogens.The disinfection of the ward environment in the NICU should be strengthened to prevent the spread of nosocomial infections.
出处
《中华医院感染学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2012年第17期3720-3722,共3页
Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology
关键词
神经内科重症监护病房
病房环境
病原菌
医院感染
Neurological intensive care unit
Ward environment
Pathogen
Nosocomial infection
