摘要
目的调查分析角膜异物发生的主要原因并探讨预防及减轻其损伤的有效途径。方法 2009年8月至10月于本院眼科门诊就诊的角膜异物连续病例采用自行设计的问卷进行调查。结果共有194例角膜异物患者接受了问卷调查,平均年龄34.6±9.7岁,其中男189例,占97.4%。70.1%的患者未在受伤后24h内就诊;91.8%的患者伤后自行采取的处理方式欠妥。受伤者中83.5%是在工作中受伤,而且均是在操作高能量工具时受伤。他们之中92.0%的操作人员在此次操作中未佩戴防护镜。对佩戴防护镜的调查显示:工作中从不佩戴者占68.5%;有14.2%的工人不认为佩戴防护眼镜可以防止角膜异物的发生。仅有34.6%的患者单位向操作人员提供防护眼镜,这些工人在工作中佩戴防护镜的比例较不提供防护镜单位的工人高(P<0.01)。结论角膜异物患者主要是在工作场所操作高能量工具时致伤。工作单位缺乏应有的防护措施,员工防护意识薄弱,对角膜异物致伤后及时就诊和正确处理的重要性认识不足是角膜异物发生的重要影响因素。重视加强对相应工作单位和操作人员的宣传教育,采取正确的预防和治疗措施是预防角膜异物发生和减轻其损害的主要措施。
Objective To investigate the risk factors of corneal foreign body and to explore the effective ways of prevention and management. Methods A prospective study was conducted from August to October in 2009 on outpatients with corneal foreign body. Results A total of 194 patients were included in the study. The average age was 34.6 ± 9.7years, and 97.4 % （n=189） were men. Only 29.9% of the patients presented at the hospital within 24 hours of the injury,91.8% of the patients used inappropriately methods as self treatment. 83.5 % of the injuries were work-related and all of them were caused by the use of high-powered tools in activities such as grinding,welding and hammering. Of the work-related eye injuries, only 8.0% reported to having used personal protective equipment（PPE） at the time of injury. Only 34.6% had been ever issued PPE,and these workers would prefer to use it than those without PPE issued（P〈0.01）. However, among all the work-related injuries, 68.5% of the patients never use PPE at work,and 14.2% did not believe that PPE could protect them from injuries. Conclusion Work-related trauma is the most common cause of corneal foreign body. Young men working with power tools are at high risk. Preventive strategies are not adequate in place and the lack of awareness and compliance limit their effectives. The adequacy and functionality of PPE should be emphasized.
出处
《重庆医学》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2012年第23期2398-2399,共2页
Chongqing medicine
关键词
角膜异物
危险因素
预防
护理
corneal foreign body
risk factors
prevention
nursing
