摘要
目的总结西安市2010年度临床分离病原菌的分布和耐药特征,促进抗菌药物合理应用。方法常规方法培养分离医院感染病原菌,并应用半自动或全自动细菌鉴定分析仪鉴定到种,药敏试验方法按CLSI规定的标准进行;采用WHONET5.4软件进行数据统计分析。结果西安市7所三级甲等医院共分离出病原菌株10 713株,其中革兰阴性菌7383株,占68.92%,革兰阳性菌2857株,占26.67%;大肠埃希菌和肺炎克雷伯菌产超广谱β-内酰胺酶(ESBLs)的检出率为67.95%和43.27%;耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌(MRSA)检出率为68.34%,未发现耐万古霉素和利奈唑胺的葡萄球菌属;屎肠球菌和粪肠球菌对万古霉素耐药率为0.5%和1.0%。结论西安市临床分离病原菌耐药现象较为普遍,耐药率呈逐年上升的趋势;MRSA、产ESBLs肠杆菌科细菌、多药耐药非发酵菌仍然是耐药监测值得关注的病原菌。
OBJECTIVE To summarize the distribution and drug resistance of the pathogens isolated from Xi＇an in 2010, so as to provide basis for reasonable use of antibiotics. METHODS The isolates were cultured by routine method and identified by the semi-automatic or automatic bacteria analysis system; drug susceptibility test was performed according to CLSI standards; statistical analysis was carried out with WHONET5. 4 software. RESULTS Of 10 713 strains of pathogens isolated from 7 tertiary hospitals in Xi＇an, there were 7383 （68.92%） strains of gram-negative bacteria and 2857 （26. 67%） strains of gram-positive bacteria; the positive rates of ESBLs-producing E. coli and K. pneumoniae were 67. 95% and 43. 27%; the detection rate of MRSA was 68.34%, no vancomycin or linezolid-resistant Staphylococcus were detected; the drug resistant rates of Enterococcus faecium and E. faecalis were 0. 5% and l. 0%, respectively. CONCLUSION The drug resistance of the clinical isolates is prevalent in Xiran, the drug resistance rate keeps an upward tendency; it is necessary to pay attention to the surveillance for MRSA, ESBLs-producing Enterobacteria, and multidrug-resistant non-fermenting bacteria.
出处
《中华医院感染学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2012年第15期3387-3389,共3页
Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology
关键词
西安市
病原菌
抗菌药物
耐药监测
Xi＇an
Pathogens
Antimicrobial agents
Surveillance for drug resistance
