创业活动的国家(地区)差异:文化与国家(地区)经济发展水平的交互作用被引量：78

The Differences among Countries(Regions) in Entrepreneurial Activity:the Interaction Effect between Culture and the Level of a Country(Regions)'s Economic Growth

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摘要本研究试图从国家文化的视角来解释不同国家创业活动活跃程度的差异。基于"全球领导力与组织行为有效性"(Global Leadership and Organizational Behavioral Effective ness,简称GLOBE研究)和"全球创业观察"(Global Entrepreneurship Monitor,简称GEM研究)两个国际性数据库,我们发现在解释不同国家创业活动差异的时候,文化与国家经济发展水平(具体来说是人均GDP)之间存在交互作用。与已有的文献相反,我们发现传统主义文化(典型特点是较高的小团体集体主义、较高的人际关系导向和较高的权力差距)在中低GDP国家提高了早期创业活动和成熟期创业活动的比例,但是在高GDP国家却抑制了早期创业活动和成熟期创业活动的比例。而现代主义文化(典型特点是高绩效导向、高未来导向和高不确定性规避)则与高期望创业活动和高创新创业活动有比较显著的正相关关系。最后我们讨论了本研究对实践的指导意义和存在的局限性。 In this paper,we try to interpret cross-country differences in entrepreneurial activities from the perspective of national culture.Datasets from Global Leadership and Organizational Behavior Effectiveness(GLOBE) project and Global Entrepreneurship Monitor(GEM) study were analyzed.We find that there are interaction effects between several cultural dimensions and GDP on entrepreneurial activities.Contrary to the previous findings,we find that more traditional cultures(high in-group collectivism,high humane orientation and high power distance) enhance early-stage entrepreneurship and established entrepreneurship in low-and-medium GDP countries,but hinder early-stage entrepreneurship and established entrepreneurship in high GDP countries.More modernistic cultures(high performance orientation,high future orientation and high uncertainty avoidance) are marginally significantly related to high-expectation entrepreneurship and high-innovation entrepreneurship.Implications and limitations are discussed.

作者赵向阳李海 Andreas Rauch

机构地区北京师范大学经济管理学院 Andreas Raueh

出处《管理世界》 CSSCI 北大核心 2012年第8期78-90,188,共13页 Journal of Management World

基金国家社科基金(项目号:10BGL020) 北京师范大学985项目(中国管理文化地图)资助

关键词创业活动国家文化传统主义文化现代主义文化 GEM研究 GLOBE研究

分类号 F279.1 [经济管理—企业管理] F224 [经济管理—国民经济]

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