摘要
目的通过对肺栓塞临床特点的分析与总结，寻找肺栓塞的首诊思路。方法对23例肺栓塞患者的高危因素、临床表现及常见辅助检查结果进行分析。结果91．30％（21／23）肺栓塞患者有高危因素。常见症状为呼吸困难（91．30％，21／23）和胸闷（69．57％，16／23），肺栓塞三联征仅见13．04％（3／23），其他表现包括心悸、胸痛、咯血、晕厥等。血气分析见低氧血症、低碳酸血症。D-二聚体阳性率为91．30％（21／23）。91．30％（21／23）心电图和86．96％（20／23）超声心动图异常。结论合适的首诊思路有助于及早诊断可疑肺栓塞患者，同时可以排除其他常见心肺疾病。
Objective To seek the approach to the initial diagnosis of pulmonary embolism through analysis and conclusion of the clinical features of pulmonary embolism. Methods The high risk factors, clinical manifestation and results of common auxiliary examinations of 23 patients with pulmonary embolism were analyzed retrosp e ctively. Results There were 91.30% （21/23）patients with high risk factors. The common symptoms were dyspnea （91.30%, 21/23） and chest tightness （69.57%, 16/23）, while the triad of pulmonary embolism merely accounted for 13.04% （3/23）. And other symptoms included palpitation, chest pain, hemoptysis and syncope, etc. Blood gas analysis indicated that there were hypoxemia and hypoearbia. The positive rate of D-dimer was 91.30% （21/23）. The abnormal rate of electrocardiogram was 91.30% （21/23 ） and the abnormal rate of echoeardiography was 86.96%（20/23 ）. Conclusion Appropriate approach to the initial prognosis can help to establish the diagnosis of patients with suspected pulmonary embolism as early as possible, as well as differentiate other eardiopulmonary diseases.
出处
《中国医师进修杂志》
2012年第22期33-35,共3页
Chinese Journal of Postgraduates of Medicine
关键词
肺栓塞
低氧血症
诊断
Pulmonary embolism
Anoxemia
Diagnosis
