摘要
我国沿海滩涂种植能源作物甘薯有广阔的前景。为确定苏北滩涂区甘薯适宜施氮量,比较了6个施氮水平下甘薯的成活率(SR)、商品率(CR)、蔓薯比(V/T)、干物质积累(DMA)、氮素累积值(NAV)、氮利用效率(NUE)、氮收获指数(NHI)及钾钠吸收的差异。结果表明:(1)施氮量与甘薯地上部分DMA和NAV均呈极显著正相关(P<0.01,余同),对地下部分NAV影响较小(P>0.05)。(2)与不施氮比较,施氮60 kg(N)·hm-2对甘薯的V/T、SR、NUE和NHI均无显著影响。(3)甘薯的CR、地下部分和块根DMA以及理论产量(NAV×NUE×NHI)均以施氮60 kg(N)·hm-2显著高于其他处理。施氮量超过60 kg(N)·hm-2,施氮量与甘薯的V/T值呈极显著正相关,与SR、CR、NUE、NHI、地下部分和块根DMA均呈极显著负相关。(4)甘薯对钾钠的吸收量均随施氮量的增加而增加,二者呈极显著正相关。甘薯地上部分钾钠含量均在施氮量为60 kg(N)·hm-2时达到最高值。施氮量对钾钠含量比没有影响。因此,苏北滩涂区甘薯适宜施氮量为60 kg(N)·hm-2。
Sweet potato （Ipomoea batatas） is a high energy crop with great potentials in the coastal areas in China. In order to determine optimum nitrogen （N） application rate （NAR） in sweet potato production, a field experiment was conducted in coastal North Jiangsu Province. Survival rate （SR）, commodity rate （CR）, dry weight vine-tuber ratio （V/T）, dry matter accumulation （DMA）, N accumulation （NAY）, N use efficiency （NUE）, N harvest index （NH1）, and potassium （K） and sodium （Na） uptakes of sweet potato were investigated under six N levels （N0-N5）. The N levels were 0 kg（N）·hm-2 （NO）, 60 kg（N）·hm-2 （N1）, 120 kg（N）·hm-2 （N2）, 180 kg（N）·hm-2 （N3）, 240 kg（N）·hm-2 （N4）, and 300 kg（N）·hm-2 （N5）, respectively. The results were summarized as follows： （1） A significant positive correlation was noted between NAR and aboveground DMA or NAV at P 〈 0.01, but no significant correlation existed between NAR and root NAV at P 〉 0.05. （2）. Compared with NO, N1 treatment had no significant effects on sweet potato V/T, SR, NUE and NHI. （3） Sweet potato CR, root and tuber DMA as well as theoretical yield （TY=NAVxNUExNH1） were highest under N1 treatment. When sweet potato NARs were 60-300 kg（N）·hm-2, significant positive correlation existed between NAR and V/T at P 〈 0.01. However, significant negative correlation was noted among SR, CR, NUE, NHI, root and tuber DMA of sweet potato at P 〈 0.01. （4） There was significant positive correlation between K and Na uptake at P 〈 0.01; both of which increased with increasing NARs. K and Na contents of aboveground tissues of sweet potato under N1 treatment were significantly higher than those underother treatments. However, K/Na ratio for the whole plant was not different among treatments. The study suggested that the optimum NAR in sweet potato fields in coastal North Jiangsu Province was 60 kg（N）.hm 2.
出处
《中国生态农业学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2012年第8期982-987,共6页
Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture
基金
现代农业产业技术体系专项资金(CARS-11-B-15)
公益性行业专项(200903001-1-6)
IPNI国际合作项目(JIANGSU-11)资助
关键词
滨海滩涂
甘薯
干物质积累
氮素效率
钾钠吸收
Coastal North Jiangsu Province, Sweet potato, Dry matter accumulation, Nitrogen efficiency, Potassium/sodium uptake
