摘要
为探讨四川丘陵旱地氮肥运筹对带状种植小麦碳素同化、运转和产量的影响,以川麦42号为材料,研究不同施氮量和施氮方式对带状种植小麦植株非结构性碳水化合物(NSC)的同化和转运的影响。结果表明:施用氮肥能有效提高花后旗叶叶绿素含量,促进花后NSC的累积,提高其对籽粒NSC的贡献率,但是过量施氮不利于茎鞘中可溶性糖(WSC)向籽粒的转运,同时花后NSC积累量及其对籽粒NSC的贡献率降低,不利于籽粒中NSC的累积;氮肥分次施用能显著提高花后旗叶叶绿素含量,促进花后NSC的累积,提高花后NSC对籽粒NSC的贡献率,尤以拔节期追施效果最佳。本试验条件下,施氮量为135～180kg/hm2、施氮方式为底肥∶拔节肥=7∶3时,小麦花后旗叶叶绿素含量较高,并能维持较长的高值持续期,花后NSC积累量增加,且其对籽粒NSC的贡献率提高,籽粒中NSC积累量增加,产量最高。
In order to research the effect of nitrogen application on carbon assimilation,transfer and yield of strip-relay-intercropping wheat in Sichuan hills areas,a medium-gluten wheat cultivar,Chuanmai 42 was taken as the experiment material,the effect of different nitrogen levels and application patterns on non-structural carbohydrates assimilation and transport were investigated.The results showed that the application of nitrogen fertilizer was beneficial to the increase of chlorophyll content in flag leaf,and so did the NSC accumulation after flowering and its contribution rate to grain NSC.But excessive nitrogen fertilization was adverse to the transfer of soluble sugar（WSC） in stems and sheaths to grains,besides,its contribution rate to grain NSC and NSC accumulation in grain reduced after flowering as well.Nitrogen fertilizer used at different stages could significantly improve chlorophyll content in the flag leaf,promote the NSC accumulation after flowering and increase its contribution rate to grain NSC,especially used in the jointing stages.In sum,the N supply of 135~180 kg/hm2 and nitrogen application for base fertilizer∶jointing fertilizer=7∶3 were appropriate for the strip-relay-intercropping wheat in Sichuan hilly areas,and under this treatment,flag leaf chlorophyll content was higher,and its high-value duration could be maintained longer,moreover,NSC accumulation after flowering and its contribution rate to the grain NSC increased,therefore,the NSC accumulation in grains increased,and the highest yield achieved.
出处
《水土保持学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2012年第3期238-243,共6页
Journal of Soil and Water Conservation
基金
"四川主要粮食作物丰产高效技术集成研究与示范"项目(2006BAD02A05)
"突破性作物新品种高产高效栽培技术研究"项目(2006YZGG-28)
"现代农作制模式构建与配套技术研究与示范"项目(201103001)
"主要农作物高产高效生理基础及栽培新技术研究与应用"项目(201203096)
关键词
氮肥运筹
套作小麦
叶绿素含量
非结构性碳水化合物
碳同化
丘陵区
nitrogen strategies； strip-relay-intercropping wheat； chlorophyll content； non-structure carbohydrate； carbon assimilation； hilly areas；
