摘要
目的:了解我院新生儿败血症病原菌的分布及耐药情况,为其临床诊治中合理应用抗生素提供依据。方法:对我院2008～2010年12 195例住院新生儿按微生物血培养检验常规进行培养、鉴定,药敏试验采用KB纸片扩散法,按美国NCCLS标准判读结果,分析血培养阳性菌株的构成及耐药情况。结果:检出病原菌349株,其中G^+菌291株(83.4%)、G^-菌51株(14.6%)、真菌7株(2.0%)。血浆凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌居首位(79.9%),其次为大肠埃希菌、肺炎克雷伯菌、不动杆菌、真菌和假单胞菌。凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌中耐甲氧西林葡萄球菌(MRCNS)178株(63.8%);产ESBLs菌株大肠埃希菌21株(65.6%)、肺炎克雷伯菌5株(71.4%);MRCNS及产ESBLs菌逐年增多。G^+菌对青霉素耐药率97.3%、红霉素和氨苄西林均>85%、苯唑西林67.0%、克林霉素48.1%、头孢唑林50.5%;G^-菌对目前常用抗生素耐药率,除头孢他啶(52.9%)外,达76.5%～94.1%,呈多重耐药现象。结论:昆明地区2008～2010年新生儿败血症病原菌以血浆凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌为首,MRCNS及产ESBLs菌逐年增多,且有多重耐药现象。
Objective： To know the bacterial distribution and the characteristics of drug resistance during the last three years in our hospital. Methods： The results of blood cultures of 12,195 hospitalized children from 2008 to 2010 were analyzed. Antimicrobial susceptibility tests were performed by Kirby Bauer method, and Confirmatory test were provided by the National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards （NICCLS）. Results： Three hundred and forty nine strains of bacteria were isolated, 291 （83.4%） of which were gram-positive cocci, 51 （14.6%） were gram-negative bacilli, and 7 （2.0%） were fungi. Tile main gram-positive cocci were coagulase negative staphylococcus （CNS） （79. 9% ）, followed by Escheriehia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter spp, Fungi and Pseudomonas spp. 178 strains （63.8%） of MRCNS were isolated in CNS; 21 of E. call strains were with ESBLs, the rate was 65.6% ; 5 of Klebsiella pneumonia strains （71.4%） were with ESBLs. MRCNS and ESBLs-producing strains are in the rising trend year by year. Penicillin resistant rate in gram-positive cocci was 97.3% ; erythromycin and ampicillin resistant rates were more than 85.0% ; oxacillin was 67.0%, clindamycin and cefazolia resistant rates in gram-positive cocci were 48. 1% and 50.5%, respectively. Ceftazidime resistant rate in gram-negative was 52.9% , the ratios in other antibacterial drugs were even to 76.5%- 94.1% , and they were often multidrug resistant. Conclusions： The main pathogen of neonatal septicemia was CNS in last three years in Kunming. The isolation rate of MRCNS and ESBLs are in the rising trend year by year, the pathogenic bacteria have multidrug resistance to antibacterial drugs.
出处
《儿科药学杂志》
CAS
2012年第8期32-34,共3页
Journal of Pediatric Pharmacy
关键词
新生儿
败血症
病原菌
抗菌药物
耐药
Neonates
Septicemia
Pathogen
Antibacterial drug
Drug resistance
