摘要
本文在分析现有流域生态补偿标准测算方法的基础上,以辽河流域为研究对象,通过对辽河干流的源头——福德店和辽河干流入海口——盘锦进行实地调研,运用条件价值评估法(CVM)对辽河流域居民的支付意愿(WTP)和补偿意愿(WTA)进行了测算分析,得出以下结论:在不考虑其他因素影响的情况下,利用非参数估计法,测算得出辽河流域生态补偿标准为160.72元/(人·年);在考虑其他因素的情况下,利用参数估计法,得出辽河流域生态补偿标准为255.97元/(人·年)。这样通过同时测量受访者的WTP和WTA,并进行平均值处理,可以较为真实地反映受访者的实际支付意愿,从而在一定程度上解决单独测量受访者支付意愿(WTP)以作为生态补偿标准制定依据所带了的补偿金偏高问题。最后,从财政转移支付、生态补偿方式和公众参与制度三方面提出了辽河流域生态补偿机制构建的政策性建议。
How to know the stakeholders’real willingness to compensate is a difficult issue for research on ecosystem service payment. In China, the study of ecological compensation has gradually transferred from macro study to quantitative study, and the empirical study of ecosystem service value mainly applies contingent valuation method. Liaohe River Basin is an important economic zone in our country but it is one of the regions short of water resources and suffering from water pollution severely. In this paper, we took Liaohe River Basin as the research object, conducting field surveys in Fudedian, the source of Liaohe river mainstream and Panjin, the estuary of Liaohe River. Through the questionnaires, we obtained willingness to pay （WTP） and willingness to accept （WTA） of the residents in Liaohe River Basin. Then based on analysis of the existing ecological compensation standard measuring methods, we measured and analyzed the WTP and WTA using contingent valuation method （CVM）. The conclusions are as follows： 1） Without considering other factors, using the nonparametric estimation method we obtain that the ecological compensation standard of Liaohe River Basin is 160.72 RMB/person years; 2） When considering other factors, using the parametric estimation we obtain that the ecological compensation standard of Liaohe River Basin is 255.97 RMB/person years. Measuring the respondents’WTP and WTA at the same time and processing the average can actually reflect the respondents’real WTP, thus to a certain extent solving the problems of high compensation caused by formulating ecological compensation standards according to measuring WTP of respondents separately. In addition, the policy suggestions have been proposed from three aspects including financial transfer payment, ecological compensation forms and public participation system. This will not only protect residents’right to know and strengthen public participation and supervision, but also benefit the comprehensive implementation of ecological environment of Liao River Basin and establishment of a long-term mechanism of water resources protection.
出处
《资源科学》
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2012年第7期1354-1361,共8页
Resources Science
基金
国家自然科学基金面上项目(编号:70973013)
教育部哲学社会科学研究后期资助项目(编号:11JHQ031)
辽宁经济社会发展重点课题(编号:2011lslktzdian-01)
辽宁省社会科学规划项目一般项目(编号:L10BJY018)
中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助(编号:DUT12RW310)
