摘要
大田栽培条件下,在大豆始花期叶面喷施以植物多糖(P1)、植物多糖和5-氨基乙酰丙酸(P2)以及植物多糖、5-氨基乙酰丙酸和缩节胺(P3)为有效成分复配的3种制剂,研究不同植物多糖类复合制剂对大豆叶绿素含量、光合蒸腾特性、干物质积累与分配以及籽粒产量的影响.结果表明:喷施3种制剂35d内,大豆叶片叶绿素含量与对照相比明显增加,且随生育进程下降的趋势有所延缓;喷施P1和P3使大豆叶片光合速率和水分利用效率分别提高13.2%和10.3%以上.与对照相比,喷施3种制剂促进了大豆地上部干物质积累量的增加、提高了叶片干物质向荚的分配比例,花后干物质同化量对籽粒的贡献率增加17.1%以上;喷施P1和P3后,大豆单株荚数、单株粒数和百粒重显著增加,喷施P2后变化不显著;喷施3种制剂使大豆增产5.9%以上.3种植物多糖类复合制剂可促进大豆叶绿素合成、延缓叶片衰老、改善叶片光合潜能和水分状况,有效调控大豆干物质积累和花后同化物分配,进而实现增产.
A field experiment was conducted to study the effects of foliar spraying three compound agents [plant polysaccharides（P1）,plant polysaccharides and 5-aminolevulinic acid（P2）,and plant polysaccharides and 5-aminolevulinic acid and dimethylpiperidinium chloride（P3）] at the initial flowering stage of soybean on its leaf chlorophyll content,photosynthesis and transpiration,dry matter accumulation and allocation,and grain yield.Within 35 days after spraying the three compound agents,the leaf chlorophyll content had obvious increase,and its decreasing trend with plant growth had somewhat delay.Compared with the control,spraying P1 and P3 increased the leaf photosynthetic rate and water use efficiency by more than 13.2% and 10.3%,respectively.With the spraying of the three compound agents,the dry matter accumulation in aerial part increased,and the allocation of dry matter from leaf to pod was also enhanced,with the contribution of post-anthesis assimilates to grain yield increased by more than 17.1%.The 100-grain mass and the pods and seeds per plant increased significantly after spraying P1 and P3,but had no significant increase after spraying P2.The grain yield of soybean treated with the three compound agents increased by more than 5.9%,compared with the control.This study showed that the three plant polysaccharide compound agents could increase the leaf chlorophyll content,delay the leaf-senescence,improve the leaf photosynthetic capacity and water status,effectively control the dry matter accumulation and post-anthesis assimilates allocation,and increase the grain yield of soybean.
出处
《应用生态学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2012年第7期1861-1868,共8页
Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology
基金
中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费项目(BSRF201002)
"十二五"国家高技术研究发展计划项目(2011AA100503)资助
关键词
植物多糖类复合制剂
大豆
气体交换参数
干物质积累
籽粒产量
plant polysaccharide compound agent
soybean
gas exchange parameter
dry matter accumulation
grain yield.
