摘要
针对甘肃省旱作农业区年降水量少、季节分布不均匀、玉米生产中春旱严重的问题,采用田间试验的方法研究了全膜双垄沟4种不同覆膜时期对旱地玉米生育时期、土壤水分变化、水分利用效率、产量及经济效益的影响。结果表明:秋覆膜优于早春顶凌覆膜、玉米播前覆膜和晚春播种时覆膜,即早覆膜优于晚覆膜。全膜双垄沟秋覆膜增加了降水利用率和水分利用效率,降水利用率为70.21%,产量为10039.34kg/hm2,比播前覆膜8036.67kg/hm2增产24.92%,水分利用效率36.01kg/hm2·mm,比播前覆膜27.10kg/hm2·mm提高32.88%。全膜双垄沟秋覆膜可明显减少冬春季土壤水分的无效蒸发,增产效果明显,是旱作区进一步挖掘降水潜力和高产田创建的有效途径。
In order to meet water requirement of maize growth under the situation of limited and unevenly distributed rainfall and the serious spring drought in Gansu dry farming area,a field experiment was conducted to study the effects of the four full mulching on double ridges with different film-covering times on growth stages,soil moisture variation,water use efficiency,yield and economic benefit of dry land maize.Results showed that the full mulching on double ridges in autumn was better than those in early spring,in middle spring and before sowing,that is the earlier film-covering time was better than latter.Under full mulching on double ridges in autumn,rainfall use rate and water use efficiency were improved.Rainfall use rate of the full mulching on double ridges in autumn was 70.21%,and water use efficiency was 36.0kg/hm2·mm.The yield of corn production with the full mulching on double ridges in autumn was 10039.34kg/hm2,increased by 24.92%and the water use efficiency increased by 32.88% compared with the full mulching on double ridges before sowing.The result indicated that the way of full mulching on double ridges in autumn reduced the useless evaporation of soil water in winter and spring,increased soil moisture content,the yield of maize and net income.It was an effective way to further exploit rainfall productive potential and create high-yielding fields in dry farming areas.
出处
《核农学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2012年第3期602-608,627,共8页
Journal of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences
基金
甘肃省农业科学院农业科技创新专项(2009GAAS24)
农业部西北作物抗旱栽培与耕作重点开放实验室基金(2009GAAS25)
关键词
秋覆膜
土壤含水量
玉米
水分利用效率
产量
full mulching on double ridges in autumn； soil moisture content； maize； water use efficiency； grain yield；
