摘要
本文研究了花生属六个区组的九个种,结果表明:除A.correntina和A.rigonii两个种没有随体外,其它二倍体种都有1—2对随体。除了A.batizocoi和A.villosulicarpa没有明显小的染色体外,其它种都有一对明显小的染色体。花生区组中具有“A”染色体组的三个种和缘脉区组的一个种的染色体全部是中部着丝点染色体,其它种有1—3对亚中部着丝点染色体。A.glabrata的染色体数为40,其核型不及栽培种对称,有3对亚中部着丝点染色体,没有“B”染色体。A.batizocoi与花生区组中的其它二倍体的核型差异较大,遗传距离也大,说明其进化程度高。五个区组二倍体种的进化程度,从低到高的顺序是:花生区组(具“A”染色体组的二倍体种→A.batizocoi)→缘脉区组→三籽粒区组→直立区组→围脉区组。
Mitotic chromosomes of nine species of six sections of the genus Ara chis were karyotyped.A.correntina and A.rigonii both do not have satellited chromosomes while the other diploid species possess one or two chromosome pairs. All species have oply one chromosome pair which is distinctly smaller than the others, with the exception of A.batizocoi and A.villosulicarpa. The three species of section Arachis have 'A' chromosome and one species of section Ambinervosas have a median chromosome, but lack the submedian chromosome while other species carry one or three submedian chromosome pairs. The somatic chromosome number of A. glabrata is 2n=40 with an asymmitric karyotype in comparison with A.hypogaea, it has three submedian chromosome pairs, no 'B' chromosome is observd. A. batizocoi is very different from the other diploid species of the section Arachis, the genetic disncta is greater; it indicated that A.batizocoi has an unique karyotype which is the most advanced species within the section Arachis.But according to thedegree of genetic distance, all diploid species of the five sictions could bearranged in the following evolution order: Section Arachis ( the diploidspecies with 'A' chromosomes→A.batizocoi )→Section Ambinervosae→Sect-ion Triseminalae→Section Erectoides→Section Extranervosae.
出处
《中国油料》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
1990年第1期4-9,共6页
基金
国家自然科学基金
关键词
花生属
核型分析
遗传距离
进化
Arachis
Karyotype analysts
Genetic distance. Evolution
