摘要
基于野外实地调查数据与气象数据对内蒙古东北-西南草地样带植物多样性进行不同利用强度与水热梯度的变化分析,结果表明:①在利用强度梯度上,草地植物多样性呈现出先增加、后迅速减少的变化规律。这表明适度的草地利用水平是有利于保持物种多样性的,但重度不合理的利用则会促使植物多样性迅速降低衰退,并且难以恢复;②样带生物多样性随着水热变化表现出明显的梯度变化规律,即随着温度的增加而降低,随着水分的增加而增加。其中物种数和Margalef丰富度指数随着水热梯度变化较为明显,而Shannon-Wiener多样性指数以及Pielou均匀度指数的变化并不明显;③对于植物多样性各指标与气象要素间进行相关性分析后,得到物种数量、Margale丰富度与气象要素间呈现显著相关性,其中与气温呈现显著负相关、与降水呈现显著正相关。Shannon-Wiener多样性指数,Pielou均匀度指数与气候要素间的相关性并不显著,这是由于上述两个指标更大程度上受到群落特征自身的影响,而对环境梯度变化不太敏感。
Patterns of biodiversity along environmental gradients is one of the basic issues in biodiversity research.And the relationship between biodiversity and the environmental elements is one of the most controversial subjects in ecology.Inner Mongolia is the key area of biodiversity in China,and also is the part central region of Arid ecological system that have the richest oldest and richest species,and most complication spatial distribution.But in the recent years,the intensity of land use and human activities,the plant diversity is reducing and some species are almost going to distinguished.For this reason,grassland plant diversity become a valuable research field,and get more and more scholar’s’attention.Aiming to reveal the biodiversity’s change along the environmental gradient,and also to clarify the driving mechanism of these changes and to enrich the study content of this subject,we select the northeast-southwest grassland transact in Inner Mongolia as the study region,and analyze the patterns of biodiversity along the northeast-southwest grassland gradient.We used the geographical methodology-the conversion of＂quadrats-sampling plots-transect＂,and also combing to the qualitative analysis and quantitative analysis to develop the relationship between the grassland plant diversity and land use intensity and climate elements.The results can be summarized as follows：1）Plant diversity presents the low of firstly increases and then decreases along the gradient of land use intensity,that demonstrates temperate usage of grassland is good for the biodiversity’s keeping while the sever level is demand the plant diversity and even can’t recover in a sort time turn;2）The plant diversity of the grassland transect changes regularly along the gradient of precipitation and temperature.Its characteristics is that the biodiversity of grassland plant decreases with the temperature’s increase,and increases with the precipitation’s increase.the species number and Margale richness index change significantly along the gradient instead of Shannon-Wiener information index and Pielou evenness index;3）The results of correlation analysis between biodiversity indexes and climate elements show that number of species and Margale richness index has Significant correlation with the climate elements：it has a significant negative correlation with temperature,has significant positive correlation with the precipitation.But it doesn’t show correlation ship between Shannon-Wiener information index,Pielou evenness index and the climate elements.That is because the Shannon-Wiener information index and Pielou evenness index are mostly influenced by the plant community characteristics instead of the gradient change of the environment.
出处
《资源科学》
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2012年第6期1024-1031,共8页
Resources Science
基金
中国科学院知识创新方向性项目(编号:KZCX2-EW-306)
国家自然科学基金项目(编号:40971223)
科技部973计划(编号:2010CB950904)
关键词
生物多样性
土地利用
气象
草地样带
内蒙古
Biodiversity； Land use； Climate elements； Grassland transect； Inner Mongolia
