摘要
以清镇市1∶10 000土壤侵蚀实地调查图件为数据基础,在ArcGIS软件和Patch Analysis for ArcGIS景观分析模块的支持下,从景观总体特征、斑块比例、斑块平均大小、斑块面积标准差、分维数、斑块密度、分离度以及Shannon均匀度指数角度进行了土壤侵蚀强度景观空间格局分析。结果表明:清镇市总体上表现出土壤侵蚀面积大、以微度侵蚀和中度侵蚀为主、土壤侵蚀程度不严重的特征;在土壤侵蚀空间分布上,以南部地区的乡镇土壤侵蚀程度最轻,其次为中部地区的乡镇,而土壤侵蚀最严重的则分布在东西部及北部地区的乡镇。清镇市的景观基质为微度侵蚀景观,该景观类型的斑块较为集中,但各斑块间差异大,斑块形状最为复杂,异质性特征明显。剧烈侵蚀与极强烈侵蚀景观均是典型的人为干扰后的景观。整体而言,各土壤侵蚀景观的斑块在面积上的分布较为均匀,且各景观类型的平均斑块面积普遍较小,斑块内土壤流动较易发生。
The paper analyzed the spatial pattern of landscape of soil erosion intensity by taking 1 ∶10 000 map of field survey of soil erosion as data base,with the support of ArcGIS software and Patch Analysis for ArcGIS modular and from the index point of the general characteristics of landscape,plot proportion,plot average size,plot area of standard deviation,fractal dimension,plot density,separating degree and Shannon uniformity.The outcomes show that: a) the general characteristics of the soil erosion area of Qingzhen City is large and slight and medium erosion are the main ones,showing the degree of soil erosion is not serious and;b) on spatial distribution,the soil erosion of townships in the southern area is the lightest,the next is townships in the central region and the most severe soil erosion happens in the townships in the east,west and north areas.The landscape matrix of the city is slight soil erosion.The plots of this type landscape are concentrated with the characteristics of greater difference between each plot,the most complicated plot shapes and obvious heterogeneity.The landscapes of severe erosion and extremely severe erosion are the typical landscape by artificial interference.In general,the distribution of soil erosion landscape of each plot is relative even in area,the average plot area of each landscape category is smaller in general and the movement of soil within the plot happens easily.
出处
《中国水土保持》
2012年第5期40-43,76,共4页
Soil and Water Conservation in China
基金
"喀斯特高原退化生态系统综合整治技术与模式"研究项目(2006BAC01A09-1)
关键词
土壤侵蚀
强度分级
景观格局
清镇市
soil erosion
intensity grading
landscape pattern
Qingzhen City
