摘要
目的了解昆明市吸毒者行为学和人口学特征、梅毒、HIV感染情况及相关因素。方法采用一对一结构问卷调查及血清抗体检测对昆明市戒毒所吸毒者进行横断面研究。结果共调查吸毒者872人，98．9％使用海洛因，8．9％曾滥用新型毒品，74．1％注射吸毒，27．3％曾共用针具；67．3％有固定性伴，其中仅10．5％最近一年与固定性伴坚持使用安全套；23．7％最近一年有商业性行为，43．7％与商业性伴坚持使用安全套；无论有无固定性伴，吸毒者的商业性行为比例及交易过程中安全套使用比例均无显著性差异（X^2均小于1．83，P〉0．4）。吸毒者中梅毒感染率为4．5％（39／872），女性吸毒者中为9．9％（12／122）。女性（OR：3．8，95％CI：1．8-8．2）、外来吸毒者（OR：2．9，95％CI：1．4-6．1）和低文化程度（OR：2．6，95％CI：1．3-5．5）为梅毒感染影响因素；HIV感染率为14．3％（125／872），共用针具者中达29．5％（52／176），注射吸毒和共用针具为相关影响因素（OR：4．2，95％cI：2．0-9．0；OR：11．1，95％CI：5．1-24．4）。结论昆明市吸毒者中梅毒和HIV感染率较高，高危性行为较普遍，HIV经性途径向固定性伴或其他人群传播的危险不容忽视。积极防治吸毒者的梅毒感染，及时发现管理HIV感染者，加强高危性行为干预，对控制全市梅毒及HIV流行具有重要意义。
Objective To measure behavioral and demographic characteristics of drug users, syphilis and HIV infection, assess associated factors. Methods Face to face structure questionnaire-based interviews were conducted in Kunming detoxification center, blood samples were drawn for sero-antibody tests. Results Of 872 drug users, 98.9% use heroin, 8.9% ever used club drugs （Including Amphetamine, Methamphetamine, Ketamine, MAMD） , 74. 1% ever injected drugs with 27.3 % ever shared needles/syringes; 67. 3 % live with regular sex partners, with 10. 5% of consistent condom use during sex, 23.7% ever involved in commercial sex, with only 43.7% of consistent condom use during sex. Regular sex relationship didn＇ t lead to less commercial sex nor more condom use （ all X^2 〈 1.83, all P 〉 0. 4）. 4. 5% （ 39/872 ） of all partici- pants and 9. 9% （12/122） of female drug users were syphilis infected. Syphilis infection independently asso- ciated with female （ OR： 3.8, 95 % CI ： 1.8-8.2） , non-local drug users （ OR： 2.9, 95 % CI ： 1.4-6. 1, local vs. non-local） , low level of education （OR： 2.6, 95% CI： 1.3-5.5, illiterate or primary school vs. middle school）. Of all participants, 14. 3% （125/872） were HIV infected and injection drug use and nee- die-sharing were associated factors . Conclusion： High prevalence of syphilis and HIV were found among Kunming drug users, accompanied by common risky sex behaviors. The risk of HIV sexual transmission to regular sex partner and other populations was high. To curb syphilis or HIV prevalent in Kunming, timely syphilis treatment, HIV cases management and enhanced safe sexual behavioral intervetions that targeted drug users were urgently needed.
出处
《国际病毒学杂志》
2012年第2期64-70,共7页
International Journal of Virology
关键词
吸毒者
人类免疫缺陷病毒
梅毒
高危性行为
影响因素
Drug users
syphilis
Human Immunodeficiency Virus
risky sexual behaviors
associated factors
